冲击钻孔灌注桩施工工法

practitionerexaminationpractitionercertificate.Thirdstage:laboratorycontinuestorotateclinicallaboratorytesting,clinicalchemistry,ClinicalImmunologytests,ClinicalHematologylaboratory,clinicalmicrobiologytesting,inspectionandemergencybloodtransfusiontest7Professional.(2)roundsandthethirdstageofconsultationWebtwiceaweektoattendmedical...Toknow:1.automaticbiochemicalAnalyzercalibration,operationandmaintenance.2.differentbiochemicaldetectionofanalyzersfortestandevaluation.3.thecorecollection,preservationandprocessingofallkindsofbiologicalspecimens.(E)professionalmasterofClinicalImmunologytest:1.ClinicalImmunology-relatedprojects,theresultsofreportsandclinicalsignificanceofroutinetesting.(1)hepatitislogoreal:hepatitisbserumlogorealofdetermination(HBsAg,andHBsAb,andHBeAg,andHBeAb,andHBcAb),andhepatitisaandhepatitiscvirusantibodydetermination(2)tumorlogoreal:methyltireprotein(AFP),andcancerembryoAntigen(CEA),andsugarAntigen15-3(CA15-3),andsugarAntigen19-9(CA19-9),andsugarAntigen12-5(CA12-5),andprostatespecificantigen(PSA),andp-likecellcancerrelatedAntigen(SCC)(3)immunefunction:immuneglobulindetermination(IgG,andIgA,andIgM,andIgD,andIgE),fillbodydetermination(C3,andC4),tlymphocytesAsiagroup,andanti-nuclearantibody(ANA),andanti-doublechainDNAantibody(AdsDNA),andanti-mitochondrialantibody,andrheumatoidfactor(RF)(4)virusantibody:bowinsect,andrubellavirus,andgiantcellvirus,andsimpleherpesvirusantibodycheck(TORCHtest)(5)otherclass:anti-Streptococcushemolyticpigmento(ASO),c-reactiveprotein(CRP),serumWidalreaction,outsidePei,andcoldagglutinationtest,specific冲击钻孔灌注桩施工工法1、原理和适用范围：1.1、冲击钻孔灌注桩是指采用冲击钻机成孔后就地灌注砼而形成的基础桩。冲击钻机是采用卷扬机带动钢丝绳提升钻锥（钻头），利用钻锥自由下落的动能产生冲击作用，挤压破碎岩土实现钻进的工程机械。冲击钻锥（钻头）一般是用整体铸钢做成的，钻刃为十字形，并采用高强度耐磨钢材做成底刃，钻头应有足够的重量。冲击钻成孔就是利用钻机不断地提锥、落锥反复冲击孔底，即采用适当的冲程和冲击频率，把地层中的泥砂、石块挤向四壁或打成碎渣，通过泥浆循环或掏渣筒掏渣实现出渣；重复上述过程，至钻进深度达要求深度而实现成孔的。见附图“钻机照片”。1.2、在基础工程施工中，冲击钻机成孔与其它型式的钻机成孔相比具有如下特点：1.2.1、冲击钻锥以自由落体的方式冲击岩土。由于钻头质量大，冲击末速度较高，冲击力大，能够有效地破碎较硬的岩石。在钻进土夹石层、卵石层、飘石层和风化基岩层时，冲击钻机是一种有效的钻进设备；1.2.2、与回转钻机相比，冲击钻机成孔是利用冲锥的冲击作用挤压破碎岩土来实现钻进的，因此使用冲击钻机所成的孔更稳固，大大减小了坍孔现象的出现机率，也使在灌注混凝土前孔内泥浆能达到更加洁净的指标；与冲抓钻机相比，冲击钻机不需要过多的护筒和机械配合；1.2.3、冲击钻机主要由机架、卷扬机、钢丝绳、钻锥构成。因此具有结构简单、便于移动就位、操作简易、机械故障少和维修方便的特点，对施工场地也要求不高；1.2.4、在冲击钻孔过程中，因泥浆有一定的比重和粘度，使用泥浆泵通过泥浆管不断向孔底输送较纯净的泥浆，使孔内泥浆带动孔壁未利用的岩渣和砂粒一起流出孔口，实现泥浆正循环出渣，或使用出渣筒间断出渣，从而使钻机正常钻进和保持一定的功效。与回转钻机相比，当设备功率相同时，冲击钻机可用于较大直径的钻孔。1.3、冲击钻孔工法适宜各类土层、各类软岩层和次坚硬岩层，钻孔直径和深度随钻practitionerexaminationpractitionercertificate.Thirdstage:laboratorycontinuestorotateclinicallaboratorytesting,clinicalchemistry,ClinicalImmunologytests,ClinicalHematologylaboratory,clinicalmicrobiologytesting,inspectionandemergencybloodtransfusiontest7Professional.(2)roundsandthethirdstageofconsultationWebtwiceaweektoattendmedical...Toknow:1.automaticbiochemicalAnalyzercalibration,operationandmaintenance.2.differentbiochemicaldetectionofanalyzersfortestandevaluation.3.thecorecollection,preservationandprocessingofallkindsofbiologicalspecimens.(E)professionalmasterofClinicalImmunologytest:1.ClinicalImmunology-relatedprojects,theresultsofreportsandclinicalsignificanceofroutinetesting.(1)hepatitislogoreal:hepatitisbserumlogorealofdetermination(HBsAg,andHBsAb,andHBeAg,andHBeAb,andHBcAb),andhepatitisaandhepatitiscvirusantibodydetermination(2)tumorlogoreal:methyltireprotein(AFP),andcancerembryoAntigen(CEA),andsugarAntigen15-3(CA15-3),andsugarAntigen19-9(CA19-9),andsugarAntigen12-5(CA12-5),andprostatespecificantigen(PSA),andp-likecellcancerrelatedAntigen(SCC)(3)immunefunction:immuneglobulindetermination(IgG,andIgA,andIgM,andIgD,andIgE),fillbodydetermination(C3,andC4),tlymphocytesAsiagroup,andanti-nuclearantibody(ANA),andanti-doublechainDNAantibody(AdsDNA),andanti-mitochondrialantibody,andrheumatoidfactor(RF)(4)virusantibody:bowinsect,andrubellavirus,andgiantcellvirus,andsimpleherpesvirusantibodycheck(TORCHtest)(5)otherclass:anti-Streptococcushemolyticpigmento(ASO),c-reactiveprotein(CRP),serumWidalreaction,outsidePei,andcoldagglutinationtest,specific锥直径变化和钻机功率的变化而变化，孔径一般在60—300cm，孔深可达100m。2、操作程序：见附图“钻孔灌注桩施工工艺流程图”。2.1、清理现场施工准备阶段中记录完原地面标高后，就可清理施工现场的杂物，修筑接通便道，接通供电、供水、排水系统，平整处理钻机就位场地，达到适宜人员操作，便于机械就位和运转，满足施工要求。2.2、测量放样和定位用全站仪定出桩基平面中心点，并及时埋设十字护桩；护桩用于埋设护筒、校核冲孔轴线，要求埋设稳固，其四周严禁堆放东西，严禁破坏。2.3、护筒埋设护筒采用钢板围制而成钢护筒，直径大于设计桩径20—30cm。护筒采用挖坑埋设法，护筒底部50cm以下和四周所填粘质土必须分层夯实。护筒中心竖直线应与桩中心线重合，除设计另有规定外，平面允许误差为50mm，竖直线倾斜不大于1％。护筒高度宜高出地面0.3m或水面（地下水面）1.0～2.0m。护筒埋置深度应根据设计要求或桩位的水文地质情况确定，一般情况埋置深度宜为1.5～2.5m，特殊情况应加深以保证钻孔和灌注混凝土的顺利进行。2.4、钻机就位钻机稳定的安装在埋好的护筒一侧，钻机的垫木不可压在护筒上，钻机前端（或机架的任何部位）一般须距护筒20cm以上。调整钻机，使钻机起吊钻锥的最前端滑轮槽中心点（直接起吊钻锥段钢丝绳的中心线）的铅垂线与桩孔中心点重合；稳定好钻机和钻机扒杆。根据设计配备适宜的钻锥和钻孔事故处理机具，接通水电。将钻锥放入护筒内，安装好钻锥。practitionerexaminationpractitionercertificate.Thirdstage:laboratorycontinuestorotateclinicallaboratorytesting,clinicalchemistry,ClinicalImmunologytests,ClinicalHematologylaboratory,clinicalmicrobiologytesting,inspectionandemergencybloodtransfusiontest7Professional.(2)roundsandthethirdstageofconsultationWebtwiceaweektoattendmedical...Toknow:1.automaticbiochemicalAnalyzercalibration,operationandmaintenance.2.differentbiochemicaldetectionofanalyze