储能在加州电网中的价值分析(成本效益分析)Cost-Effect

Cost-EffectivenessofEnergyStorageinCaliforniaApplicationoftheEPRIEnergyStorageValuationTooltoInformtheCaliforniaPublicUtilityCommissionProceedingR.10-12-0073002001162EPRIProjectManagerB.KaunELECTRICPOWERRESEARCHINSTITUTE3420HillviewAvenue,PaloAlto,California94304-1338▪POBox10412,PaloAlto,California94303-0813▪USA800.313.3774▪650.855.2121▪[e-mail]▪(S)NAMEDBELOWASANACCOUNTOFWORKSPONSOREDORCOSPONSOREDBYTHEELECTRICPOWERRESEARCHINSTITUTE,INC.(EPRI).NEITHEREPRI,ANYMEMBEROFEPRI,ANYCOSPONSOR,THEORGANIZATION(S)BELOW,NORANYPERSONACTINGONBEHALFOFANYOFTHEM:(A)MAKESANYWARRANTYORREPRESENTATIONWHATSOEVER,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,(I)WITHRESPECTTOTHEUSEOFANYINFORMATION,APPARATUS,METHOD,PROCESS,ORSIMILARITEMDISCLOSEDINTHISDOCUMENT,INCLUDINGMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE,OR(II)THATSUCHUSEDOESNOTINFRINGEONORINTERFEREWITHPRIVATELYOWNEDRIGHTS,INCLUDINGANYPARTY'SINTELLECTUALPROPERTY,OR(III)THATTHISDOCUMENTISSUITABLETOANYPARTICULARUSER'SCIRCUMSTANCE;OR(B)ASSUMESRESPONSIBILITYFORANYDAMAGESOROTHERLIABILITYWHATSOEVER(INCLUDINGANYCONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES,EVENIFEPRIORANYEPRIREPRESENTATIVEHASBEENADVISEDOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOFSUCHDAMAGES)RESULTINGFROMYOURSELECTIONORUSEOFTHISDOCUMENTORANYINFORMATION,APPARATUS,METHOD,PROCESS,ORSIMILARITEMDISCLOSEDINTHISDOCUMENT.REFERENCEHEREINTOANYSPECIFICCOMMERCIALPRODUCT,PROCESS,ORSERVICEBYITSTRADENAME,TRADEMARK,MANUFACTURER,OROTHERWISE,DOESNOTNECESSARILYCONSTITUTEORIMPLYITSENDORSEMENT,RECOMMENDATION,ORFAVORINGBYEPRI.THEFOLLOWINGORGANIZATIONPREPAREDTHISREPORT:ElectricPowerResearchInstitute(EPRI)ThisisanEPRITechnicalUpdatereport.ATechnicalUpdatereportisintendedasaninformalreportofcontinuingresearch,ameeting,oratopicalstudy.ItisnotafinalEPRItechnicalreport.NOTEForfurtherinformationaboutEPRI,[e-mail]titute,EPRI,andTOGETHER…SHAPINGTHEFUTUREOFELECTRICITYareregisteredservicemarksoftheElectricPowerResearchInstitute,Inc.Copyright©2013ElectricPowerResearchInstitute,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Thispublicationisacorporatedocumentthatshouldbecitedintheliteratureinthefollowingmanner:Cost-EffectivenessofEnergyStorageinCalifornia:ApplicationoftheEnergyStorageValuationTooltoInformtheCaliforniaPublicUtilityCommissionProceedingR.10-12-007.EPRI,PaloAlto,CA:2013.3002001162.iiiACKNOWLEDGMENTSThefollowingorganizationpreparedthisreport:ElectricPowerResearchInstitute(EPRI)3420HillviewAvenue.PaloAlto,CA94304PrincipalInvestigatorsB.KaunS.ChenThisreportdescribesresearchsponsoredbyEPRI.Theauthorswouldliketoacknowledgethecontributionofotherswhomadethisanalysispossible:HareshKamathandDanRastlerofEPRIforvaluableguidance;EricCutterandBenHaleyofEnergy&EnvironmentalEconomics(E3)forEnergyStorageValuationTooldevelopmentsupport;AlokeGupta,ArthurO’DonnellandotherCPUCtechnicalstaffforofferingthisopportunityandsupportingthedevelopmentofinputsfortheanalysis;GiovanniDamatoandChrisEdgettefromtheCaliforniaEnergyStorageAlliance(CESA),DaidipyaPatwafromPG&E,ArmandoInfanzonfromSDG&E,andDavidCastlefromSCEforinforminginputsusedbytheCPUCtechnicalstaff.vABSTRACTEPRIhasdevelopedaninnovativemethodologyforquantifyingthevalueofgridenergystorageopportunities.TheEPRIEnergyStorageValuationTool(ESVT)—simulationsoftwaredevelopedtosupportthismethodology—enablespreliminaryeconomicanalysispriortomoreresource-intensiveanalyticalefforts.Thisreportdescribesapplicationsofthemethodologyandtooltoanalyzearangeofenergystoragecases,includingdifferentuses,technologies,locations,andfutureelectricitymarketscenarios.TheanalyseswereperformedtoinformstakeholdersoftheCaliforniaPublicUtilityCommission(CPUC)regulatoryproceedinginvestigatingthecost-effectivenessofenergystorageinapproximately30differentcases.Thesescenarioscoveredthreedifferentgeneralusecases,includingtransmission-connectedbulkenergystorage,short-durationenergystoragetoprovideancillaryservices,anddistribution-connectedenergystoragelocatedatautilitysubstation.Withintheseusecases,severalinputsensitivitiesweretestedfortheirimpactonstoragecost-effectiveness,includingenergystorageduration,technology,durability,marketscenario,andprojectstartyear.TheinputassumptionswereprovidedbytheCPUCtechnicalstaff,withsupportfromacorestakeholderworkinggroup,includingenergystorageandutilityrepresentatives.Theresultsoftheanalyseswerereportedusinganumberoftechnicalandeconomicoutputsandsummarizedintermsoflifetimenetpresentvalueandbreakevencapitalcostofenergystorage.UndertheassumptionsprovidedbytheCPUC,themajorityofcasesreturnedbenefit-to-costratiosofgreaterthanone,andthemajorityofcasesreturnedbreakevencapitalcostofenergystoragerangingfrom$1,000to$4,000/kWinstalled.Theseresultsrepresentanearlyphaseofenergystoragevaluationanalysis,quantifyingthedirectcostsandbenefitsoverthel