中考英语阅读理解解题技巧-

浅析中考阅读理解技巧Ifyougoodatreadingcomprehension,youaretheking!得阅读者得天下。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Ifyouknowyourselfandyourenemy,youwillneverloseabattle.知己知彼，方能百战不败。•阅读理解共分ＡＢＣＤ篇和Ｅ篇阅读表达型。难易程度也是由易到难。•E篇阅读表达考察了学生对文章的整体把握，注重逻辑推理能力。做题方法：•做题前，快速浏览文章，掌握大意，把握整体。•做题中，联系上下文，找关键词句，作出判断。•做题后，再快速浏览一遍，看回答问题时时态，人称及字数是否合适。•A篇通常为图表类，经常是不同公园，博物馆或者是广告招聘等的相关信息。这类文章一般就是考细节，不需要太多的逻辑思考，通常可以直接在文中找到答案。•例如中考题A篇阅读。•Q：Ifyouworkasaguide,youcanget_______anhour.•A$8B.$10•C.$12D.$13SOUTHGATENEWSPRESSBig,busyrestaurant.2years'experience,parttime,$8anhour.Applyinpersonat6756MainSt.Southgate.JOBCLASSIFIEDOfficework,fulltime,Francisco'sShoeShop.noexperience,$13anhour,speakSpanish.Faxresume(简历)to555-0001.SalesgirlBusydepartmentstore.Noexperience,$10anhour,willtrain.Applyinpersonat224WestRoseAve.Richmond.GuideLovetravel?Joinus!Fulltime,speakEnglish,$12anhour.Emailresume:[e-mail].•B、C、D篇阅读的话题通常包括一些正能量的人物，新的科技产品，发明，社会事件或者某个国家，地域的文化，节日等。这几类阅读重在考察学生的理解推理能力，看学生是否读懂文章的主旨和关键句。问题的答案往往不能直接而需要推敲得出。•Q：HowisGinatryingtoencourageotherchildrentocook?•A.Byobservingherfather.•B.Bywritingarecipe(烹饪)bookforkids.•C.Bygivingthemdeliciousfoodtoeat.•D.Bygettingfirstprizeinthecompetition.•WelcometotheAmazingkidsWebsite!Hereyoucanreadaboutcleverchildrenallovertheworld.•Gina,whoisthirteenyearsold,gotfirstprizeinthe“YoungLookoftheYear”competitionandisnowwritingherownrecipe(烹饪)bookforkids.Iwantittobefuntoreadandeasyenoughforchildrentouse,shesays.Ginalearnedbyobserving（观察）herfather,who'salsogoodatcooking,inthekitchen.Shewantstoencourageotherchildrentocookbecauseeveryoneneedstoeat,soit'saskillthatwillalwaysbeuseful!主旨大意型事实细节型词义猜测型命题类阅读理解题目主要有以下几种:推理判断型阅读理解基础训练BasicTraining---事实细节型•A篇阅读•Q：WhichisthepropertimetogotothepubatCox’sHotel?•A.9:00-18:00onFriday.B.10:30-17:30onTuesday.•C.12:00-1:30onSaturday.•D.10:00-16:30onMonday.Cox’sHotelTel:01789404600Email:[e-mail]::00am-6:00pmTearoom:10:30am-5:30pmPub(酒吧):12:00-midnight(1:30amonFriday/Saturday)提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。事实细节型解题原则：尊重作者的观点，在文中找到相关词句，通常直接可以找到答案。1）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?2）Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3）Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.4）Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：阅读理解基础训练BasicTraining---词义猜测型Q:Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterate”Passage:MostwomeninGhana(加纳)————theeducatedandilliterate,theurban（城市的）andrural（乡下的）,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditionto（除了）maintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved(应得的，值得的).解释第四节BpoorAbeautifulDsickCuneducated同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法如hotandcold,giveandreceive,加否定词缀un,dis等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。释义法对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。词义猜测型情景推断法、代词替代法等阅读理解基础训练BasicTraining---主旨大意题Ｃ篇Scientistsnowunderstandthatafirecanbeanaturalpartofahealthyforest.Asaresult,countrieslikeAustraliaallowmorefirestoburnnaturally.Sometimes,firefightersevenstartfirestogetridof（去除）deadwood.Ofcourse,theycarefullycontrolthefires.Thefirethinsoutoldtrees.Thisallowssunlighttoreachtheground.Asaresult,fireshelpnewtreestogrow.Therefore,ifafireisnotaseriousthreat（威胁）topeople,firefightersmayletitburnnaturally.练习题细节题解释WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4？A.Firesareseriousthreatstohumanbeings．B.Australianfirefightersdon’tputoutfires.C.Firescanplayanimportantroleinforests.D.It’sdifficultforfirefighterstocontrolthefires.解释【解析】答案为C。寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。文章1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummar-izethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:阅读理解基础训练BasicTraining---推理判断型ｃ篇Haveyoueverwantedtostopeatingsomethingsweetbutyoujustcouldn’t?Isthefirstthingyoudowhenyougethomefromschooltolookinthebiscuittin?Canyoueatahugebarofchocolateallbyyourself?Canyousay“no”tosweetsatparties?Ifyoucan’t,thenthereisareason…perhapsyou’resugaraddict(有瘾的人)!Doesthatsoundfunny?Well,doctorssaythatpeoplewhoeatsweetsregularlycaneasilybecomeaddicted(成瘾的)tosugar.What’smore,mostSugaraddictsdon’tevenrealizethatthey’readdicted!Sugaraddictionisseriousbecauseitcanreallydamageyourhealth.Doctorssaythatweshouldeatfoodwhichishealthysuchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,andthatweshouldn’teatalotofsugar,fatorfastfood.Butsugaraddictscan’tfollowthisadvice.Theyknowtheymuststopeatingsweetfood,buttheycan’t.Sowhatcanyoudoifyouthinkyou’readdictedtothetasteofsugar?Well,hereissomeadvice:.Eatsomefreshfruitswhenyoureallywantsomethingsweettoeat..Cutdownonsweetfoodslowly.Don’ttrytostopeatingitallatonce..Youhavetotellyourparents,Iftheyknow,theywillhelpyou.练习题解释P5Ｑ：Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A.Freshfruitsarethebestfoodforus.B.Weshouldn’teatsugartokeephealthy.C.Parentsmayhelpyougiveupbadeatinghabits.D.It’sverynecessarytostopeatingsweetfoodatonce.文章以原文内容为前提，太绝对化的不能选。推理判断型透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语