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动名词一、动名词的用法•1.做主语•Seeingisbelieving.•Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessmen.动名词做主语一般不用形式主语，但以下结构则经常使用．It’snousetalkingwithhim.It’snogooddoingsuchafoolishthing.2.做表语•Herjobisteaching.•Herhabitiscollectingthestamps.3.做定语•Heislookingupthenewwordsinthereadingroom.•swimmingpool•sleepingcar4.做宾语•下列动词后面常用动名词•admit,appreciate,avoid,confess(招供）,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,quit,risk,suggest,resist•HealwayspractisespeakingEnglishinhisfreetime.•Nooneenjoysbeinglaughedat.动名词做宾语的要点：•1)下面这些动词经常既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式做宾语，需注意差别．•*Allow,advise,forbid,permit,admit,recommend直接跟宾语用动名词，跟宾补用动词不定式•E.g.Theteacherdoesn’tallowgoingoutwithoutbeingpermitted.•Theteacherdoesn’tallowustogooutwithoutbeingpermitted.•*begin,start表示开始时跟动名词和动词不定式做宾语差别不大，但在下面三种情况下常用动词不定式•１）主语是物•Itbegantorain.•２)后面动词是know,feel,understand等•Hebegantoknowthatheshouldworkhard.•３）本身是进行时•HeisbeginningtolearnEnglish.•*forget,remember,regret后跟动名词表示做过的事情，跟不定式表示要去做的事•Don’tforgettoposttheletterformeonyourwayhome.•Iforgettellingyouthenews.•Iregretdoingsuchafoolishthing.•IregrettotellyouthatIhavetoleave.•*有些动词跟动名词和动词不定式的意义完全不同，需注意差别•stopdoing/stoptodo•Pleasestoptalking.•Pleasestoptotalk.•trydoing/trytodo•Hetriedtofinishtheworkbyhimself.•Hetriedknockingatthedooragain.•meandoing/meantodo•Whathedidmeantrefusing.•Imeantohelphimwhenheisintrouble.•2)excuse,forgive,pardon后接动名词时通常需要在动名词前加形容词性物主代词，也可以转化为宾格人称代词＋for+v.ing•E.gExcusemyforgettingthetask.•Excusemeforforgettingthetask.•3)need,want,require后跟动名词可表示被动含义•Thedeskneedsrepairing.•Thedeskneedstoberepaired.•4)下列短语中的“to”是介词，需要注意•devote…to…•get/beusedto•lookforwardto•objectto•stickto•payattentionto•getdownto•beaccustomedto•addto•leadto•turnto•beopposedto（反对）二,动名词的复合结构•１．逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，必须用名词或代词的所有格，做宾语时，也可以用普通格或人称代词宾格•Mary’s/Hermarryingtheyoungmanmadeherparentsangry.•DoyoumindMary’s/Mary/his/himopeningthewindow.•2.逻辑主语是无生命名词,指示代词,不定代词,以结尾的名词,或是一个以上的名词构成的词组,用英语普通格.•Doyouknowourteamwinningthematch.•Heisangryatnobodycomingtohisparty.•Heissatisfiedwiththeboysfinishingtheworkontime.动名词的时态和语态主动态被动态一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten•HeisinterestedintalkingwithothersinEnglish.•Iamsorryfornothavingtoldyouthebadnews.•Nooneenjoysbeinglaughedat.•Havingbeenpunishedbyhisfathermadehimsad.动名词的惯用法•Thereisnodoing=Itisimpossibletodo根本不可能Thereisnodecidingwhowillgo.Itisimpossibletodecidewhowillgo.Thereisnotellingwhoisthebest.Itisimpossibletotellwhoisthebest.•Whatdoyousaytodoing•=Whatdoyouthinkofdoing•你认为．．．怎么样•Whatdoyousaytohavingdinnerwithus.•=Whatdoyouthinkofhavingdinnerwithus.•Itisnouse/good/notanygood/notanyuse/useless•做．．．是没有用的•Itisnogoodtalkingwithhimaboutthis.•beonthepointofdoing=beaboutto•快要•Iwasonthepointofgoingoutwhenhecame.•=Iwasabouttoleavewhenhecame.•makeapointofdoing=makeitapointtodo•认为．．．是必要的，特别注意•IalwaysmakeapointofimprovingyourEnglishbyreading.•doalotof/muchv+ing．．．做的很多•Ididalotofreadingyesterday.•Mymotheralwaysdoesalotofshopping.