水电开发竞争战略模式研究

重庆大学博士学位论文水电开发竞争战略模式研究姓名：毕亚雄申请学位级别：博士专业：技术经济及管理指导教师：张宗益20050301I2003(1)(2)II(3)SOSOIIIABSTRACTSincethebeginningofthereformandopeningup,China’seconomyhasundergoneasustainedandsubstantiallyhighgrowth,aswellasacontinuingsocialprogress.Thegrowthtrendbecomesevenmorevigorouswiththeturningofthenewcentury.Consequently,powersupporthasbecomethebottleneckfortherapideco-socialdevelopment.In2003,overtwentyprovincesandregionsinChinaexperiencedlimitationonpoweruseintheformofintermittentcutoffofsupply,whichprominentlyreflectthecontradictionbroughtbythelaggeddevelopmentofenergyindustryrelativetotheeco-socialdevelopment.TheenergycompositionofChinaischaracterizedbyaffluentcoal,scarceoil,scarcegasandrichwaterresources.Inthefairlyfarfuture,likeinthepast,coalpowerwillremaintobetheleadingpartinthepowercomposition.Controlofharmfulgasesemissionsisaveryurgenttask.Bycontrast,hydropowerresourcesinChinapossessaverygreatpotentialfordevelopment.Moreover,hydropowerenjoysincomparableeconomicandtechnologicaladvantagesovercoalpower.So,tofullyexploitandcomprehensivelyutilizehydropowerisourbestchoice,eitherfromtheperspectiveofChina’snationalconditionsorinviewofadvancedcountries’experiencesregardingenergyconstruction,eitherfromtheperspectiveofthenation’senergystrategyortheenvironmentalprotection.However,theexploitationofhydropowerresources,especiallytheconstructionoflargewaterconservancyhubsneedsbiginvestmentsandisalong-termone.Itinvolveshighsophisticationoftechnology,aswellastherelocationoflargepopulationsandenvironmentalprotection.Itinvolvesalsotheissuesregardingland,agricultureandforestry,trafficandgeography,etc.Theoperationsoftheenterprisearealsocomplicated.ThisisthereasonforthelowratioofexploitationofhydropowerresourcesinChina.It’snotonlymuchlowerthanthatinadvancedcountries,butisalsolowerthantheworldaverage.Consequently,researchingthecompetitionstrategicmodelofhydropowerdevelopmentinChinahasveryimportanttheoreticalandpracticalimplication.Themainresearchworksandconclusionsofthisdissertationareasthefollows:(1)ThisdissertationputsforwardanddemonstratesnewbusinessoperationstyleofhydropowerenterprisesinChina----DirectPowerSupplyModel.Theresultshowsthat,theDirectPowerSupplyModelisinexorableselectionofthewholesocialandeconomicdevelopmentandtheYangtzeRiverPowerCorporationdevelopment.ItalsoIVassessesoneproposedstrategyandfindsthattheactiveparticipationinpricecompetitionfornetworkingmayhelpdisplaytheobviouslowcostadvantageofthehydropowerenterprise,andthestrivefordirectpowersupplymayaffordmoreopportunityforthelowcostenterprisetotouchsomeoftheendusers.Thisnotonlyhelpstobreakthemonopolized(currentlyanactuallysingleagent)powerpurchasesystem,butalsocreatesapolicyadvantagewhichhelpsthelocalareastodirectlyusethelocalwaterresourcestodevelop(orintroduce)largeindustries(foradjustingtheindustrialstructure,increasingemploymentandespeciallyfortherelocationofemigrants).Italsohelpstodeveloptheregionaleconomy.Besides,thisstrategywillalsopromotethecooperationwithotherrelatedenterprises,andthuspromotethedevelopmentofamultiple-elementindustry.BecausetheDirectPowerSupplyModelcanmakethelowcosthydropowerfirmmasterpartlyterminalcustomers,thenitisanormouschanceforthelowcosthydropowerfirm.(2)ThisdissertationputsforwardanddemonstratesnewdevelopmentandworkingstyleofhydropowerenterprisesinChina----SteppedDevelopmentandunitedArrangementModel.Theresultshowsthat,theSteppedDevelopmentandunitedArrangementModelisthedevelopmentandworkingstylesuitingthehydropowerenterprisesinChina.Thefactthatthemonotonousoperationofhydropowerstationhasthetechnologicaldisadvantagesuchasalimitedadjustmentabilityandthebalancediscrepancymakesitlackingincompetitiveness,whileacombinedoperationofsteppedmultiplepowerstationsofthevalleycanmakeupforthesedeficiencies,changingthedisadvantageintoanadvantageandgivingmorecompetitivenesstothepowersupplyandpowerqualityoftheenterprise.Thesteppedpowerstationshubofthevalleyshouldbeplannedandmanagedinaunifiedway.Theyshouldbedevelopedinplannedorderandtheiroperationsshouldbecombined.Theprincipletobeadheredtoisthedispatchforfloodpreventionandforecologicalprotectionshouldbeguaranteedastheprerequisiteandthecomprehensiveprojectfunctionsofbothelectricitygenerationandshippingdispatchingshouldbeoptimized.Thisstrategywillyieldastatewheretheoveralldevelopmentcostofthesteppedpowerstationshubofthevalleyisminimized,theoperationalbenefitismaximized,thecomprehensivefunctionsoffloodprevention,shipping,electricitygeneration,andirrigationareoptimized,socialeconomyandeco-systemprotectionarebestharmonized,andthetwocorporatevalues—operationalvalueandsocialvaluearemostadequatelyembodied.(3)ThisdissertationputsforwardthefeasibledevelopmentstrategicforsuchtheVChinesehydropowerenterprisesastheYangtzeRiverPowerFirm.Theresultshowsthat,theChinesehydropowerenterprisessuchastheYangtzeRiverPowerFirmfacesgreateraggregateopportunitythanaggregatethreat,andpossessmoreaggregateadvantagesthanaggregatedisadvantages.ItsuggeststhattheYangtzeRiverElectricshouldadopttheSOstrategy,whichincorporatesexternalopportuni