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奥巴马就中东和北非问题演讲（中英文）TheWhiteHouseOfficeofthePressSecretaryForImmediateReleaseMay19，2011RemarksbythePresidentontheMiddleEastandNorthAfricaStateDepartment，Washington，DCTHEPRESIDENT：Thankyou.Thankyou.(Applause.)Thankyouverymuch.Thankyou.Please，haveaseat.Thankyouverymuch.IwanttobeginbythankingHillaryClinton，whohastraveledsomuchtheselastsixmonthsthatsheisapproachinganewlandmark--onemillionfrequentflyermiles.IcountonHillaryeverysingleday，andIbelievethatshewillgodownasoneofthefinestSecretariesofStateinournation’shistory.TheStateDepartmentisafittingvenuetomarkanewchapterinAmericandiplomacy.Forsixmonths,wehavewitnessedanextraordinarychangetakingplaceintheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Squarebysquare，townbytown，countrybycountry，thepeoplehaverisenuptodemandtheirbasichumanrights.Twoleadershavesteppedaside.Moremayfollow.Andthoughthesecountriesmaybeagreatdistancefromourshores，weknowthatourownfutureisboundtothisregionbytheforcesofeconomicsandsecurity，byhistoryandbyfaith.Today，Iwanttotalkaboutthischange--theforcesthataredrivingitandhowwecanrespondinawaythatadvancesourvaluesandstrengthensoursecurity.Now，already，we’vedonemuchtoshiftourforeignpolicyfollowingadecadedefinedbytwocostlyconflicts.AfteryearsofwarinIraq，we’veremoved100，000Americantroopsandendedourcombatmissionthere.InAfghanistan，we’vebrokentheTaliban’smomentum，andthisJulywewillbegintobringourtroopshomeandcontinueatransitiontoAfghanlead.AndafteryearsofwaragainstalQaedaanditsaffiliates，wehavedealtalQaedaahugeblowbykillingitsleader，OsamabinLaden.BinLadenwasnomartyr.Hewasamassmurdererwhoofferedamessageofhate–-aninsistencethatMuslimshadtotakeuparmsagainsttheWest，andthatviolenceagainstmen，womenandchildrenwastheonlypathtochange.HerejecteddemocracyandindividualrightsforMuslimsinfavorofviolentextremism；hisagendafocusedonwhathecoulddestroy-–notwhathecouldbuild.BinLadenandhismurderousvisionwonsomeadherents.Butevenbeforehisdeath，alQaedawaslosingitsstruggleforrelevance，astheoverwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesawthattheslaughterofinnocentsdidnotanswertheircriesforabetterlife.BythetimewefoundbinLaden，alQaeda’sagendahadcometobeseenbythevastmajorityoftheregionasadeadend，andthepeopleoftheMiddleEastandNorthAfricahadtakentheirfutureintotheirownhands.Thatstoryofself-determinationbegansixmonthsagoinTunisia.OnDecember17th，ayoungvendornamedMohammedBouaziziwasdevastatedwhenapoliceofficerconfiscatedhiscart.Thiswasnotunique.It’sthesamekindofhumiliationthattakesplaceeverydayinmanypartsoftheworld-–therelentlesstyrannyofgovernmentsthatdenytheircitizensdignity.Onlythistime，somethingdifferenthappened.Afterlocalofficialsrefusedtohearhiscomplaints，thisyoungman，whohadneverbeenparticularlyactiveinpolitics，wenttotheheadquartersoftheprovincialgovernment，dousedhimselfinfuel，andlithimselfonfire.Therearetimesinthecourseofhistorywhentheactionsofordinarycitizenssparkmovementsforchangebecausetheyspeaktoalongingforfreedomthathasbeenbuildingupforyears.InAmerica，thinkofthedefianceofthosepatriotsinBostonwhorefusedtopaytaxestoaKing，orthedignityofRosaParksasshesatcourageouslyinherseat.SoitwasinTunisia，asthatvendor’sactofdesperationtappedintothefrustrationfeltthroughoutthecountry.Hundredsofprotesterstooktothestreets，thenthousands.Andinthefaceofbatonsandsometimesbullets，theyrefusedtogohome–-dayafterday，weekafterweek--untiladictatorofmorethantwodecadesfinallyleftpower.Thestoryofthisrevolution，andtheonesthatfollowed，shouldnothavecomeasasurprise.ThenationsoftheMiddleEastandNorthAfricawontheirindependencelongago，butintoomanyplacestheirpeopledidnot.Intoomanycountries，powerhasbeenconcentratedinthehandsofafew.Intoomanycountries，acitizenlikethatyoungvendorhadnowheretoturn-–nohonestjudiciarytohearhiscase；noindependentmediatogivehimvoice；nocrediblepoliticalpartytorepresenthisviews；nofreeandfairelectionwherehecouldchoosehisleader.Andthislackofself-determination–-thechancetomakeyourlifewhatyouwill–-hasappliedtotheregion’seconomyaswell.Yes，somenationsareblessedwithwealthinoilandgas，andthathasledtopocketsofprosperity.Butinaglobaleconomybasedonknowledge，basedoninnovation，nodevelopmentstrategycanbebasedsolelyuponwhatcomesoutoftheground.Norcanpeoplereachtheirpotentialwhenyoucannotstartabusinesswithoutpayingabribe.Inthefaceofthesechallenges，toomanyleadersintheregiontriedtodirecttheirpeople’sgrievanceselsewhere.TheWestwasblamedasthesourceofallills，ahalf-centuryaftertheendofcolonialism.AntagonismtowardIsraelbecametheonlyacceptableoutletforpoliticalexpression.Divisionsoftribe，ethnicityandreligioussectweremanipulatedasameansofholdingontopower，ortakingitawayfromsomebodyelse.Buttheeventsofthepastsixmonthsshowusthatstrategiesofrepressionandstrategiesofdiversionwillnotworkanymore.SatellitetelevisionandtheInternetprovideawindowintothewiderworld-–aworldofastonishingprogressinplaceslikeIndiaandIndonesiaandBrazil.Cellphonesandsocialnetworksallowyoungpeopletoconnectandorganizelikeneverbefore.Andsoanewgenerationhasemerged.Andtheirvoicestellusthatchangecannotbedenied.InCairo，weheardthevoiceoftheyoungmotherwhosaid，“It’slikeIcanfinallybreathefreshairforthefirsttime.