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TheAttributiveClause定语从句1基础复习欣赏谚语1.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for-nothing.2.Itisthefirststepthatcounts.3.Hewhomakeshimselfasheepshallbeeatenbythewolf.4.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.5.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.（不懂装懂，一事无成。）（千里之行，始于足下。）（自助者天助。）（甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼。）（谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。）TheAttributiveClause定语从句（一）在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，定语从句的位置一般在先行词之后。辩认出下列复合句中那部分是定语从句：（1）SheisthegirlwhomIamlookingfor.（2）Thisisthevillagewhereshegrewup.（3）Haveyoueverreadthestory-bookwhichmanyofusareinterestedin？（4）WearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputersandtheInternet.定语从句的定义：（1）Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.（2）Theschoolwhereweliveandstudyliesnorthofthetown.（3）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.（4）I，whoamyourEnglishteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句（限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思不准确。）（非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思。）限制性定语从句中关系代词(who、whom、whose、that、which)的运用：a.连接作用b.替代作用c.成分作用（1）Ishethemanwhowantstoseeyou.（2）Themanwhoisstandingatthegateisourheadmaster.（3）HeisthemanwhomIsawyesterday.（4）ThechildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.（5）I,likethebookwhichyouboughtyesterday.关系代词who、whom的运用who、whom的先行词指人，在定词从句中作主、宾语。（1）Anybodywhobreakstherulesispunished.（2）Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.（3）Therearesomepeoplewhomwelikeandotherswhomwedislike.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。（4）Ilikethepersonwhomyoujusttalkedto.（7）TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetternow.（6）Thisisthemanwhomyouarelookingfor.（5）ThepeoplewhomIworkwithareallfriendly.关系代词which的用法（1）Englishisalanguagewhichiseasytolearn.（2）Aprosperitywhichhadneverbeenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.（3）Thechildrenlikecookieswhichmywifemakes.（4）Thepackagewhichyouarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.（5）ThisisthevillagewhichIstayedinlastyear.（6）Thisisthebookwhichthestudentsareallinterestedin.关系代词that的用法：that的先行词指人、物，作主、宾=whowhomwhich（1）Heisthemanthatlivesnextdoor.（2）ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.（3）Idon’tlikethestoriesthathaveunhappyendings.（4）Thecarthatmyunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.关系代词whose的用法：whose引导的定语从句先行词指人、物，作定语。Whose+n=the+n+ofwhich(whom)ofwhom(which)+the+n（1）Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.（thecarofwhom、ofwhomthecar）（2）Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.(thecoverofwhich、ofwhichthecover)（3）Therearesomepeoplewhosefacesyoucanneverforget.（thefacesofwhom,ofwhomthefaces)（4）Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.(theleavesofwhich,ofwhichtheleaves)关系副词（when、where、why）的用法：1、when（作时间状语、先行词须是表时间的名词）(但先行词是时间名词时，不一定用when)when=介+which（1）IthoughtofmychildhoodwhenIplayedintheseaside.(inwhich)（2）Hisfatherdiedtheyearwhenhewasborn.(inwhich)（3）May1isthedaywhenIjoinedthearmywhichwewillneverforget.(onwhich)（4）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIonceworkedinthecountryside.(inwhich)2、where在定语从句中作状语，先行词为地点名词（但地点名词作先行词不一定用where）where=介+which（1）Iknowaplacewherewecanswim.（inwhich）（2）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.(inwhich)3、why在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词只有reasonwhy=forwhich（1）ThisisthereasonwhyIdidit.(forwhich)（2）Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.(forwhich)作用whoWhomWhichthatwhoseWherewhenwhy关系代词、关系副词用法小结指人，在从句中作主语、宾语指人，在从句中作宾语指物，在从句中作主语、宾语指人、物，在从句中作主语、宾语指人、物，在从句中作定语在从句中作地点状语在从句中作时间状语在从句中作原因状语介词+关系代词（whom、which）用法小结：1、介词后面的关系代词指人，用whom，指物用which，不能省去。2、介词后不能用that。3、某些从句中充当时间、地点、原因的状语的介词+关系代词，可以用关系副词when、where替换。4、介词的确定要根据从句中的动词与先行词的关系来定。方法一：看定语从句中的动词和形容词与介词的搭配。Heisaman_______________Ithinkcandepend.onwhomHereferredmetosomereferencebooks____________Iamnotveryfamiliar.withwhich方法二：看从句中动词或动词短语与先行词的搭配。Theteacher____________Ijustshookhandsworksheatandsoul.withwhom方法三：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词、关系副词用法区别小结：用关系代词，还是关系副词，取决于从句中的谓语动词，及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词，而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。1.Thisisthemountainvillage______Istayedlastyear.2.I’llneverforgetthedays______Iworkedtogetherwithyou.3.Iwouldliketoliveinthecity_____wevisitedlastyear.4.Isthisthereason_______shegavetoyou.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.whenA.whichB.whereC.thatD.whenA.whichB.whereC.whoD.whenA.whichB.whereC.whoD.whenBDAA练习：二、选择填空。1.Theman________visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when2.Doyourememberthosedays_________wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?A.whenB.whichC.whereD.who3.Whereistheman_________Imetthismoring?A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom4.Theman________youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.A.withwhomB.towhomC.whichD.when5.Thedoctor_________isleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalkingABDAC1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.7.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________hadn’tbeencleanedfor