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Theattributiveclause——定语从句•要了解定语从句，我们先得明白定语是啥，如果我给介绍一个人或者描述一样东西，以介绍一个人为例，如果我说是个女孩，那么你头脑中的对我介绍的人印象清晰么，应该就一女孩轮廓，但如果我说一个漂亮的，穿着红色衣服的，站在站台上的，那么你对这个人印象是不是逐渐清晰了，这里漂亮的，红色的，站在站台上的便是定语。•我们看看例子先aprettygirl/agirlinred/agirlstandingintheplatformagirlwhoisstandingintheplatformislucky•上例中打彩色部分便都是定语，定语通常是修饰名词，如果定语是一个词并且能完整表达一个意思，定语便放在被修饰词前面，否则就放后面，请观察pretty是一个词，便是放前面的，这是你也许会说，aprettylittlegirl，pretty和little不是两个词，怎么就放被修饰词前面了呢，一定要注意，pretty和little都是一个并且是各自能表达完整意思。•上例中彩色部分都是定语，定语可以是一个形容词（pretty），可以是介词短语（inred），也可以是分词短语（standingintheplatform），也可以是一个句子（whoisstandingintheplatform），而当定语从句是一个句子时，这个句子呢，就是定语从句。•由于定语从句是一个句子，毫无疑问，必定不可能是一个词，所以都是放在被修饰词的后面，我们还给这个被修饰的词起了个名字，先行词，因为修饰她的句子还在后面，她先出现的。•然后我们在说说这定语从句，在英语中呢有个规定就是一个句子中有且只能有一个谓语，就好比我们人呢只能有一个心脏。（事物是普遍联系的），那我们人啥时候可能会有两个心脏呢？。。。。。对了，有宝宝的时候，男同胞貌似目前不可能哈，那么句子有个子句的时候便可以有两个谓语了，这时候我们便需要一个东西来标志其子句特征，人类呢是以大肚子，从句便以她的关系代词。我们例子中的who便是关系代词，这个关系我们也可以理解成人类的脐带，将子句和母句联系到一起。所以这关系代词也是紧挨着先行词的。•所以偶们先要搞清楚啥是定语从句，啥是先行词，啥是关系代词。咱再琢磨这定语从句如何用。•ExplanationtoAttributiveclause定语从句:是指在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词关系代词引导的定语从句1.Thewomanwhoistalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.2.Theboywhomwemetinthestreetyesterdayismyclassmate.3.MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.4.Theknifewhichweusedtocutthebreadisverysharp.5.ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.6.Ihavegotintothesametroubleashehas.关系副词引导的定语从句1.Istillrememberthedaywhenshefirstworethatpinkdress.2.Thebuildingwherewelived20yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhyshegotsoangryyesterday?关系代词，关系副词的选用1，取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后不用宾语，用关系副词。而及物动词要跟宾语，则用关系代词。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.I'llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatIspentwithyou.Thisisthemountainvillagewhich/thatIvisitedlastyear.2.判断关系词在定语从句中的成分关系词必须在定语从句中作成分，因此“缺什么成分就填什么成分”。关系词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语，选择关系代词。关系词在句中作状语，选关系副词。Thismuseumistheonethatyouvisitedafewdaysago.Thisisthemuseumwheretheexhibitionwasheld.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.Thefarmonwhichmycousinonceworkedhastakenanewlook.2.Thereasonforwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.3.ThemantowhomIspokejustnowismyEnglishteacher.4.BecauseofthetrafficjaminwhichIwascaught,Iwaslateforthemeeting.5.ThetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltproudwereJim'swatchandDella'shair.6.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsonberepaired.7.Waterisathingwithoutwhichfishcannotswim.wherewhyWhosedoor/ofwhichthedoor关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的转换通常情况下，when=in/on/duringwhichwhere=in/at/onwhichwhy=forwhichEg:1.what'stheyearwhen/inwhichChinafirstlaunchedherman-madesatellite?2.Itistheveryplacewhere/atwhichImetyoulasttime.3.hewouldnevertellmethereasonwhy/forwhichtheybrokeup.1.Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneisamachine_____________canfly.that/whichJointhefollowingsentences:2.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.________wesawyesterdayisMary.Thegirl3.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.______________________wesawyesterdayisMary.Thegirlthat/who/whom1.Nothing____canbedonehasn’tbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything____youdon’tunderstand?thatthat1.that与which先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词,引导定语从句用that。3.ThisisthebestTV___ismadeinChina.4.Thefirstmuseum___hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,引导定语从句用that。5.I’vereadallthebooks____youlentme.that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。6.Thefamouswriterandhisworks___theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.7.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing___sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用that。8.Who____youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?thatWho做先行词时,引导定语从句用that。9.Herbag,in_____sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.10.Thisistheringon_____shespent1000dollars.11.XiaoWang,with_____Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面,指事物用which,指人用whom。whose引导的定语从句表示所属关系1.Theriver_____banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whose2.whose的用法2.Thereare20students,____aredifferentinthisclass.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose1.Theearthisround,__weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisround.__isknowntoallthattheearthisround.asAsIt3.as的用法定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的。2.ThisisthesamebookasIlost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本书就是我丢的那本。3.Thisissuchaninterestingbook__wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook__wealllike.以上两句为定语从句。意为：这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。asas4.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.thatthat这两句话是结果状语从句。意为这本书如此有趣,大家都喜欢。5.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which6.__everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首、句中、句末,而which引导定语从句不能放在句首。as译为正如,好像。which则没有此义。(1)I’llneverforgettheday_____wefirstmetinthepark.(2)I’llneverforgetthetime__________Ispentwithyou.(3)I’llneverforgetthetime_________wasspentwithyou.(4)Thisisthemuseum____________Ivisitedlastyear.when(which\that)which\that(which\that)4.when,where,why与that,which的区别指时间,地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,用which或that引导定语从句。Thisisthereason____(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason_________shegavewasnottrue.w