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先行词+关系词+从句被修饰词1.代替先行词2.作从句成分1.分类：a.关系代词b.关系副词2.选择：a.先行词——指人、物？b.据从句——句子成分？I.关系代词的基本用法：that：人、物；主、宾which:物；主、宾who:人；主whom:人；宾whose:人、物；定II.关系代词作宾语时的用法：1.关系代词作定语从句中动词或介词的宾语时，可以省略；Thisisthebookwhich/thatshewaslookingfor.----------2.关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词可提前；Thisistheroomwhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.3.介词如果提前，其后不能接that；Thepersonwhom/thatIspoketojustnowisourteacher.ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisourteacher.that-----4.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面；Thebabieswhom/thatthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.III.关系副词的用法：1.when时间2.where地点3.why原因状语1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.2.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.3.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.4.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisverylarge.5.Hetoldmethereasonwhyhehadn’tattendedthemeeting.6.Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathewasseriouslyill.Thatwastheway_____shelookedafterus.inthewayIV.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：1.限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；2.非限制性定语从句和主句先行词关系不十分密切，两者之间通常用逗号分开；此时，不能用that；1.YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.2.Hisbrother,whois18yearsold,isaPLAman.V.关系代词as的用法：1.引导限制性定语从句:thesame…assuch…asasmany/much…as*Ihavethesamebookasyouboughtyesterday.*Helentmeasmanybooksashehas.2.引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句；从句的位置可在主句前或后，常用逗号与主句隔开。在主句后可用as或which;在主句前，只能用as.Heplaysfootballwell,as/whichweknow.作从句宾语，译成“这一点”Asweknow,heplaysfootballwell.作从句宾语，译成“正如…所…”VI.关系代词的特殊用法：在下列情况下只能用that:1.当先行词是all,something,anything,nothing,everything,littlemuch等不定代词时；ThatisallthatIcandoforyou.IsthereanythingelsethatIcandoforyou?2.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.3.当先行词被序数词修饰时；ThisisthefirsttimethatIcamehere.HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.4.当先行词被theonly,thevery,few,little,no等修饰时；ThisistheverythingthatIlostyesterday.Heistheonlypersonthatisinvited.5.当先行词既是人又是物时；Themanandthehorsethatfellintotheriverweredrowned.