2020/6/29医学微生物学Chapter32朊粒(Prion)仅有蛋白质,无核酸多beta折叠,对蛋白酶的抗性引起人库鲁病,克-雅病Cellularprionprotein(PrPc)canbeidenticaltoscrapielikeprionprotein(PrPsc)initsproteinsequencebutdiffersintertiarystructure.PrPcPrionPsc2020/6/29医学微生物学Simplifiedmodelforpriondisease.PrPsc,actsasa'template'.Itassociateswiththehelicalformallowingthelattertobeconvertedtothebeta-pleatedsheetresistantformTherearenowtwomoleculesoftheresistantformthatcanactasatemplateandsotheprocessaccelerates2020/6/29医学微生物学PrionPsc的抵抗力PrP抵抗力强,对甲醛,戊二醛,乙醇,蛋白酶,标准高压灭菌法等具有抗性。可用以下方法灭菌:1NNaOH1h,then121℃1h1NNaOH1h,then134℃18min.2020/6/29医学微生物学致病性慢性,退化性,致死性中枢神经系统病患。临床上出现痴呆,共济失调,震颤等症状.1.瘙痒病(Scrapie):皮肤瘙痒、摩擦,脱毛.2.疯牛病(Madcowdisease):运动失调、狂躁Partsofcattleathighriskforharboringtheinfectiousagentforbovinespongiformencephalopathy(BSE),ormadcowdisease,includetheskull,brain,eyes,vertebralcolumn,andspinalcordofcowsatleast30monthsofage.Thetonsilsandaportionofthesmallintestineofallcattlealsomaycontaintheagent.Federalagenciesprotectpublichealthbyprohibitingthesecowpartsinthehumanfoodsupply.Infographic:FDA/MichaelErmarth2020/6/29医学微生物学库鲁(Kuru)病Kuru(颤抖)病,发生于巴布亚新几内亚宗教性食尸恶习,患者多为妇女,儿童。潜伏期4~30年,病人小脑受损,产生共济失调和震颤。一旦发病,一年内(6~9个月)内死亡.AchildinfectedwithKuru2020/6/29医学微生物学克雅病(Creutzfeldt-JakobDisease,CJD)与克雅病新变种原因:Prion自发突变,常染色体显性遗传,进食含PrPsc的牛肉,医源性感染.潜伏期几~几十年,进行性发展的肌肉痉挛、痴呆、昏迷,发病后,多在12个月内死亡。病理:脑组织海绵状变性.2020/6/29医学微生物学微生物学检查生前:临床症状,用特异性抗体检测扁桃腺标本中朊粒.死后:用特异性抗体检测脑组织等标本中朊粒。注意医源性感染(神经外科手术的器械,角膜移植).