高一英语必修四语法主谓一致课件

语法精析难点突破区[新知导引]1．(教材P2)FollowingJane'swayofstudyingchimps，ourgroupare(be)allgoingtovisitthemintheforest.2．(教材P2)Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupis(be)ourfirstactivityoftheday.3．(教材P2)Janehas(have)studiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.4．(教材P2)Everybodysits(sit)andwaits(wait)intheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.5．(教材P2)Werealizethatthebondbetweenmembersofachimpfamilyis(be)asstrongasinahumanfamily.6．(教材P2)WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960，itwas(be)unusualforawomantoliveintheforest.7．(教材P2)Janewarnsusthatourgroupis(be)goingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.8．Tenhourshas(have)passedsinceIcamehere.[语法详解]谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：一、名词作主语①ThreestudentswereadmittedtoBeijingUniversityin2017,whichmadeusallproud.2017年三名学生被北京大学录取，这使我们很自豪。②Thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.警察正在搜寻一个留着胡子、皮肤黝黑的高个子男人。③Myfamilyisabigone.(强调整体)我家是一个大家庭。WhenIvisitedthemyesterday，thefamilywerehavingdinner.(强调成员)昨天当我拜访他们时，他们一家人正在吃饭。④Hisluggageisveryheavy，andheneedssomeonetohelphim.他的行李很重，需要有人帮他一下。⑤Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.所有可能的方法都试了。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.每一个可能的方法都试了。⑥Therearealotofgoodsinfrontofus，whichbelongtotheownerofthestore.我们的面前有很多货物，它们属于商店的老板。二、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致主语谓语动词由and或both...and连接，其内容是复数复数由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...等连接就近原则主语后有with，togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，like，ratherthan，but，except等词或短语时单复数与前面的主语一致①JimandMaryarespecialistsincancerresearch.吉姆和玛丽是癌症研究专家。②BothJimandhisparentsweresittingintheshadeofalargetree.吉姆和他父母都坐在一棵大树的树荫下。③Eitheryouorthepresidentistodeliveraspeechaboutthetopic.关于这个主题，要么你要么主席来发表演讲。④NotonlyhebutalsoIlookdownuponthosewhoalwaysrelyonothers.不仅仅他，我也瞧不起一直依赖别人的人。(词汇复现记忆法)⑤Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsthereasonwhyshebehavedstrangely.学生和老师都不知道她行为怪异的原因。⑥Myfather，togetherwithhisworkmates，hasbeentoBeijing.我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。温馨提示：and与谓语动词的单数(1)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no，each，manya，every等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。Eachteacherand(each)studentwasgivenaticket.每一位老师和学生都发了一张票。Everyhourand(every)minuteisimportantforus.每一小时和每一分钟对我们都很重要。(2)当and连接的两个词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词要用单数。Thewriterandpoethasbeendeadfortwoyears.那位诗人作家已经去世两年了。(同一个人，注意poet前无冠词)Breadandbutteriswhatweusuallyhaveforbreakfast.黄油面包是我们通常吃的早餐。Myneighbourandcolleagueiswateringtheflowers.我的邻居，也是我的同事，正在浇花。三、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致主语谓语动词表示单位数量，指时间、金钱、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语单数therest/part(of)及分数、百分数等根据所指代或修饰的名词而定anumberof＋可数名词复数复数thenumberof＋可数名词复数单数aquantityof/quantitiesof根据quantity的形式而定morethanone/manya＋可数名词单数单数oneof＋可数名词复数单数①Fiveminutesisn'tenoughtofinishthiswork.要完成这项工作，5分钟是不够的。②About50percentofthestudentsinourschoolaregirls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。③Anumberofreasonsleadtothechangeofclimate.很多原因导致了气候变化。Thenumberofthepeoplewhoknowthesecretislimited.知道此秘密的人数量有限。④Therestofthefreshwaterhasbeenshippedtothecity.(指代不可数名词)剩下的淡水已被送入城中。⑤Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.他是通过这次考试的学生之一。四、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致1．either，each，little，much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Eachofthebooksisworthreading.每本书都值得读。2．both，few，many，several等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Bothofthesistersaredoctors.姐妹俩都是医生。3．all指可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；若指不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Allarepresentatthemeetingtoday.今天所有的人都参加了会议。Alloftheinformationisveryimportant.所有的信息都很重要。4．none指可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可；若指不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Noneofthemis/areawareofthedanger.他们没有人意识到危险。五、其他情况作主语时的主谓一致1．单个动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。当what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数。ToreadEnglishaloudeverymorningisofgreatbenefittoyourEnglishstudy.每天早晨朗读英语对你的英语学习大有裨益。Staringatsomeoneisimpolite.盯着人看是不礼貌的。Whathesaidhasbeenrecorded.他说的话已被录音。Whatwebadlyneedaregoodteachers.我们急需的是好老师。2．therebe句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近它的名词一致。Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。随堂检测知能落实区Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Eitheryouorthepresidentis(be)tohandouttheprizestothesegiftedwinnersatthemeeting.2．I,whoam(be)yourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyououtoftrouble.3．TheOlympicGamesintheyear2016were(be)heldinRio,whichis(be)knowntousall.4．Therewas(be)alotofrubbishonthefloorsoIaskedMarytosweepitup.5．Theteacherandwriteris(be)goingtogiveusatalkonwritingnextweekend.6．Davidaswellashisparentsis(be)visitingChinanextMonday.7．One­thirdofthestudentshave_finished(finish)theirhomeworkuptonow.8．Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming,is_regarded(regard)asoneofthebestall­roundformsofexercise.9．Look，thereare(be)threesheepeatinggrassunderthetree.10．Whatthechildreninthemountainvillageneedare(be)goodbooks.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Whenandwheretogoforthecomingholidayhaven'tbeendecidedyet.haven't→hasn't2．Friendshipisveryimportanttoeveryone，especiallytome.Now，IwouldliketodescribeoneofmybestfriendswhosenamearePetou.are→is3．Benismygoodfriend.Weareofthesameage.Ilikebeingwithhimbecauseheoftenmakemehappy.make→makes4．Alargenumberofpeopleistoattendhisbirthdaypartynextevening.is→are5．Noanimalandnomanareseenonthelonelyisland.are→isⅢ.语法与写作1．微信以及手机在日常交流中正起着重要作用。WeChat，aswellascellphones,is_playing_an_important_roleindailycommunication.2．一些最新的教学设备和三百本书于昨日送到了我们学校。Somelatestteachingequipment，alongwiththreehundredbookswas_sent_to_our_schoolyesterday.3．我们的调查显示在我们国家每年大量的水被浪费掉。Oursu