基于多传感器融合的机器人定位及导航系统设计I摘要随着信息技术时代的来临,因此各种信息处理技术也有了很大地发展,其中就有智能机器人的研究。随着研究的逐渐深入,我们需要机器人向人类一样具有各种感官意识,如听觉、视觉、触觉等等,这就需要各种各样的传感器来实现。随着人类对智能机器人的要求越来越高,用到的传感器也越来越多了。本论文介绍了该系统的研究背景和背景意义,以及多传感器在机器人中的运用,本系统实现了多传感器的良好融合,从而更好的使机器人能在更加刻薄的环境下良好的运行,实现定位及导航作业。本系统的良好的人机界面可以更加简单明了的使操作用户上手操作。其中介于单传感器已经无法实现在复杂环境下的机器人的正常运行,所以本系统使机器人配备了多传感器,而且对这些传感器进行合理的融合。从而机器人可以在更加危险的环境下作业,如天机器人、导航机器人、环境探测机器人等。而本文中研究的机器人就是一个多传感器的系统,要通过多个传感器获取不同的信息然后对这些信息进行综合处理,以此判断协调各个传感器间的工作。信息融合技术是本系统的一个关键技术,信息融合是把很多个相同或者不相同的传感器所反馈的环境信息进行集成处理,以此来作为外部环境的一个代表。信息融合具有信息的冗余性、实时性、互补性以及低成本性,所以相对单一传感器来说是更加完全和准确的,也可以通过对这些信息的综合处理,使机器人判断结果更加正确,从而保障了智能机器人稳定、快速和准确的工作。我们这次研究的定向导航机器人就要具备这些特征。在机器人定向和导航控制中,本项目采用的就是采用基于多传感器信息融合算法,通过把多个传感器的信息进行融合处理能更有效地实现机器人在未知环境中的自动定位与导航。关键词:融合,多传感器,自动定位,导航基于多传感器融合的机器人定位及导航系统设计IIABSTRACTWiththecomingeraofinformationtechnology,sothatvariousinformationprocessingtechnologyhasbeendeveloped,whichhastheintelligentrobotresearch.Alongwiththegradualin-depthstudy,weneedrobotstohumanshasvarioussenses,suchasauditory,visual,tactilesensorandsoon,whichrequiresavarietyofimplementation.Withtheincreasinglyhighdemandsonintelligentrobots,sensorsusedarealsomoreandmore.Thispaperintroducesthesystemoftheresearchbackgroundandsignificance,aswellastheuseofmultiplesensorsintherobot,thesystemhasrealizedthefusionofmultisensors,soastobetterenabletherobottothegoodmoreharshoperatingenvironment,realizethepositioningandnavigation.Thissystemisagoodman-machineinterfacecanbemoreclearandsimplesothattheuserbeginoperation.Thebetweensinglesensorhavebeenunabletoachievenormaloperationinthecomplexenvironmentoftherobot,sothesystemsothattherobotisequippedwithmultiplesensors,andcarriesonthereasonableintegrationofthesesensors.Thustherobotcanworkinamoredangerousenvironment,suchasrobot,navigationrobot,environmentdetectionrobot.Thispaperstudiestherobotisamultisensorsystem,throughmultiplesensorstoacquiredifferentinformationandthentocarryoutcomprehensivetreatmentoftheseinformation,thecoordinationofvarioussensorswork.Informationfusiontechnologyisakeytechnologyofthissystem,informationfusionistheintegrationofmanyidenticalornonidenticalsensorfeedbackenvironmentinformation,asarepresentativeoftheexternalenvironment.Informationfusionhastheinformationredundancy,real-time,complementaryandlowcost,sotherelativesinglesensorismorecompleteandaccurate,canalsothroughthecomprehensivetreatmentofsuchinformation,therobottheresultmorecorrect,thusensuringtheintelligentrobotisstable,fastandaccuratework.Directionalnavigationrobotourstudywillhavethesecharacteristics.Intherobotorientationandnavigationcontrol,istousethemultisensorinformationfusionalgorithmbasedon,throughthemultiplesensorinformationfusioncaneffectivelyrealizeautomaticpositioningandnavigationinunknownenvironmentsformobilerobot.Keywords:Multi-sensorfusion,positioning,navigation基于多传感器融合的机器人定位及导航系统设计III目录1绪论...................................................................................................................11.1国内外研究现状..........................................................................................................11.2项目的背景及意义......................................................................................................21.3论文结构......................................................................................................................22可行性与需求分析...........................................................................................42.1可行性分析..................................................................................................................42.2需求分析......................................................................................................................43系统设计与实现...............................................................................................63.1系统设计......................................................................................................................63.2多传感器信息融合技术..............................................................................................73.3系统实现......................................................................................................................93.4机器人定位及导航系统模块结构............................................................................214系统测试.........................................................................................................274.1测试目的....................................................................................................................274.2测试方法...................................................................................................................274.3测试用例....................................................................................................................284.4结果分析....................................................................................................................295结论.................................................................................................................30参考文献................................................................................