初中英语状语从句归纳

状语从句归纳•状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1.时间状语从句•(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如：•Itwasraininghard（rainhard下大雨）whengottoschoolyesterday.•Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.•Ashewalkedalong（沿着走）thelake,hesanghappily.•(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：•I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.•Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.•Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.•(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：•Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout（熄灭）.•Let’swaituntiltherainstops.•Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.•Don’tgetoff（从下来）untilthebusstops.【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里frommorningtillnight，till/until是不能替换的，】2.条件状语从句•(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如：•Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?•Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.•(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：•I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.•Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.3.原因状语从句•(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如：•Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.•Asitisraining,weshallnot（不得；不应该）gothezoo.•Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.•(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：------Whyaren’tgoingthere?------BecauseIdon’twantto.Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4.结果状语从句•(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。例如：•Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.•Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.•Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.•(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：•在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+形容词•（副词）+that+从句”。例如：•Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.•Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.•Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyever（几乎不，从来不）seeher.•在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：•Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.•Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.（天花板）•Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.•有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：•Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.•=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.•Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.•=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.•(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。例如：•Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.•Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinema（去看电影）withyou.5.比较状语从句•比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如：•TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.•Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.6.目的状语从句•(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat（为了，以便）引导。例如：•Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.•Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.•(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：•Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)•Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)7.让步状语从句•(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如：•Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.•AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.•(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：•我们不能说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.•应该说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.8.地点状语从句•地点状语从句常常由where来引导。•例如：•Gowhereyoulike.•Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：•类别连词时间状语从句when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till,once（一旦）地点状语从句where,wherever原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat（既然，由于）etc.（etcetera，等于andsoon）目的状语从句inorderthat(为了，以便),sothat,that,etc.结果状语从句so…that,sothat,such…that,that,etc.条件状语从句if,unless,as(so)longas,etc.让步状语从句though,although,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever,as,etc.比较状语从句as…as,so…as,than,etc.方式状语从句as,asif,asthough,etc.练习一•一.单项填空•1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.•A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So•2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?•---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.•A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe•3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.•A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping•4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.•A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who•5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.•A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscomingACBCA6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.A.beforeB.afterC.wh