毕业设计需求分析说明书-I-基于Java的小型医院管理系统设计Java-basedsmallhospitalmanagementsystemdesign学生学号:XXXXX学生姓名:XXXX专业班级:XXXX指导教师:XXXX职称:XXXX起止日期:2013.2.28~2013.6.17目录说明书-II-1、引言······················································································································11.1编写目的··········································································································11.2项目背景··········································································································12、可行性分析············································································································23、需求分析················································································································33.1设计目标··········································································································33.2系统特点··········································································································33.3功能需求··········································································································34、数据描述················································································································54.1静态数据··········································································································54.2动态数据··········································································································54.3数据库描述·······································································································55、性能需求················································································································65.1数据精确度·············································································································65.2系统响应时间····································································································65.3适应性··············································································································66、运行需求················································································································76.1用户界面··········································································································76.2运行环境··········································································································76.4故障处理··········································································································7毕业设计需求分析说明书-1-1、引言1.1编写目的编写本报告的目的是明确本系统的详细需求,提对系统进行可行性、技术、硬件环境等需求进行分析,并在此基础上进行修改和完善,同时作为设计人员进行软件设计的依据软件使用者的需求进行修改。1.2项目背景1.2.1项目意义本系统是一个基于Java的小型HIS系统,HIS系统即医院信息系统(全称为HospitalInformationSystem)。在国际学术界,它已被公认为是新兴的医学信息学的重要分支。HIS系统的有效运行,将提高医院各项工作的效率和质量,促进医学科研、教学;减轻各类事务性工作的劳动强度,使他们腾出更多的精力和时间来服务于病人;改善经营管理,堵塞漏洞,保证病人和医院的经济利益;为医院创造经济效益。医院His系统的意义:改善医院管理,提高系统运作的效率及各部门的合作与营运,支持医教研。完整的HIS系统实现了信息的全过程追踪和动态管理,从而做到简化患者的诊疗过程,优化就诊环境,改变目前排队多、等候时间长、秩序混乱的局面。如目前多数医院就诊必须经过挂号、等候病历、划价、收费、取药或治疗一系列过程,一个患者少则排3次队,多则5、6次,用于过程性的时间最少在1个小时以上,若实施HIS以后,每个病人用于诊疗的中间过程性时间会大幅度减少。1.2.2国内外现状综述本医院His系统,是为了配合一些小型医院基本需求索设计的。本系统主要是处理写最基本的医院平时的一些业务,利于和方便医院的管理和日常维护。在其他国家电子计算机在医院的应用已有三十多年的历史,60年代初,美国便开始了HIS的研究。著名的麻省总医院MGH开发的COSTAR系统是60年代初开始并发展到今天成为大规模的临床病人信息系统。随着计算机技术的发展,70年代,HIS进入大发展时期,美日欧各国的医院,特别是大学医院及医学中心纷纷开发HIS,成为医药信息学的形成和发展的基础。70-80年代,美国的HIS产业已有很大发展。计算机70年代末期就进入了我国医疗行业,当时以IBM的M340小型机为主,只有少数几家大型的部属综合医院和教学医院拥有,如北京协和医院、北京肿瘤医院、301医院等,主要应用于科研和教学,还没有应用于HIS的管理。进入90年代,NOVELL网和FOXBASE、FOXFRO数据库日益盛行,完整的医院网络管理系统的实现已经成为可能,于是一些有计算机技术力量的医院开始开发适合自己医院的医院管理系统。小型医院管理系统设计-2-2、可行性分析本系统主要面向非本专业的普通人群,要求系统实用、简单、便捷、适应性良好,对此,从以下几方面对系统进行可行性分析:1)实用性方面:为小型医院各项事务提供方便,有效进行各方面管理,尽量最大限度降低医院工作人员的日常管理工作量和患者就诊的复杂性,提高医院工作质量和效率,优化资源,实现效益最大化。2)操作方面:本系统应该适用于不同水平的使用者,包括医生、患者及医院工作人员,同时系统不应太复杂和烦琐,因此要求系统的操作尽可能简单易行。3)系统技术方面:产品的系统设计和开发应紧跟着整个计算机发展潮流,采用当时最先进的设计思想,利用最新的开发技术和开发工具。使系统能够无论在功能设计上,还是在技术实现上,都处于同行业的领先地位。4)安装使用方面:服务器端的安装简洁明了,客户机无需再装任何软件,通过浏览器就可以直接访问,可以直接接入Internet,无论您身在何处,只要您可以访问Internet都可以使用本系统。5)适应性方面:应该能广泛应用于普通小型医院。系统采用模块化设计,用户可以根据自己的实际情况自行组合,使系统在不同的硬件环境下都能得以应用。6)经济方面:项目所带来的长远利益远远大于项目的开发成本,表明本项目具有经济价值。7)开发技术方面:项目开发所使用的工具载体都能够实现系统所需要的功能,根据开发者的实际情况,可以在预期环境与时间内完成系统,从而确定本项目是能够实现的。8)用户选择方面:用户可以在不掌握任何专业知识的前提下,方便快速的上手,并且系统通过设计来减少用户的事务操作,表明本项目是具有广泛使用人群的。综上所述,从可行性分析来看项目是可行的。毕业设计需求分析说明书-3-3、需求分析3.1设计目标设计一个基于JSP的小型医院管理系统,适用于大多数小型医院。系统包括用户的注册功能、用户预约挂号、医生反馈就诊信息、分配就诊处理、药房管理模块、后台管理功能,用户信息修改及相应权限的不同页面显示与修改等功能。本系意在统通过计算机技术实现医院各部门之间的互动与管理,为小型医院的各项日常事务提供便利,开发中需要达成的目标有如下几项:1)减少人力成本和管理费用;2)提高信息的准确性和信息的安全;3)改进管理和服务;4)良好的人机交互界面,操作简便。3.2系统特点本系统功能丰富,分为挂号、门诊、后台、权限几个模块,每个模块下功能全面,基本可以为绝大多数小型医院提供完善的服务。而且本系统通过对用户权限的设置,使不同用户登录系统后使用的功能不同,看到的页面也不相同,比如以病人身份登录后可以选择医生并进行预约,以医生身份登录可以处理预约信息,安排就诊时间等,药房管理则是对应管理药品信息,以及最高权限的管理员,可以对用户进行权限分配。通过这种方式使每个用户拥有的功能便捷且不复杂,不用经过特意的培训就可以熟练使用,为系统的普及也奠定了基础。3.3功能需求3.3.1功能分析本系统在设计阶段定义的模块及其如下:预约挂号模块:用于实现患者选择医生预约挂号,医生处理挂号信息及确定就诊时间等。门诊信息模块:统计就诊信息,医生反馈就诊结果,为病人分配治疗处理(开药或住院)等。药房管理模块:药房当前信息查询,简单的药物进出货信息统计等功能。后台管理模块:查询各类数据,审核注册用户,修改和删除各类信息等功能。权限管理模块:分配不同用户不同权限模块(给予不同用户不同权限),权限显示控制模块(不同用户登陆后只看到自己拥有的权限)等功能。小型医院管理系统设计-4-3.3.2功能结构图下面是医院管理系统的功能结构图:图3-1作业管理系统的功能结构图预约挂号模块门诊信息模块权限管理模块药房管理模