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走向高考·英语第一部分微专题强化练五阅读理解第一部分3词义猜测题考向分析考题引路强化训练231易错防范4考向分析年份试题词义猜测题数命题趋势2014卷Ⅰ2题数基本稳定，增加对短语理解考查力度。卷Ⅱ12015卷Ⅰ1卷Ⅱ1考题引路•Passage1•(2015·课标全国Ⅰ·C)•SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL'EnigmesansFinfrom1938，worksonpaper，objects，andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist'sshowmanqualities.•ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning，theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.•TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限)．“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge，contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseumtheatreinFigueras，”explainsthePompidouCentre.•Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain，andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg，Florida.•立意与点拨：本文介绍了巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心正在展览最受欢迎的现代艺术家之一萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品，并对此次展览的作品、展览的形式、展品的来源等进行了介绍。•1．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?•A．Optimistic.B．Productive.•C．Generous.D．Traditional.•答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句．..withanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings，sculptures，drawingsandmore.可知，达利的作品数量很多，这和productive(多产的)相呼应，故选B项。•2．WhatisDali'sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?•A．Oneofhismasterworks.•B．Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.•C．Anartisticcreationforthestage.•D．OneofthebestTVprogrammes.•答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces，mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知，《记忆的永恒》是达利的杰作之一，故选A项。•3．HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?•A．Bypopularity.B．Byimportance.•C．Bysizeandshape.D．Bytimeandsubject.•答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知，该展览是根据时间和主题来布展的，故选D项。•4．Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?•A．Artworks.B．Projects.•C．Donations.D．Documents.•答案：A词义猜测题。最后一段提到该展览中的主要作品是通过与不同机构组织的合作而精选出的，所以contribution应指文中的majorworks，即艺术品，故选A项。•Passage2•(2014·课标全国Ⅰ·B)•Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.•Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint，thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.•Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant，peoplebelievedtherewasaneverlastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.•Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'needforwood,whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.•In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons，butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.•立意与点拨：本文介绍了美国的旅鸽灭绝的原因与经历。旅鸽的数量曾经多到飞行时能够遮天蔽日，后来人类的滥捕滥杀和对它们栖息地的破坏导致了它们的灭绝。•1．Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons______.•A．werethebiggestbirdintheworld•B．livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica•C．didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment•D．werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS•答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第二段第一句可知，在18世纪和19世纪初，旅鸽的数量占到了美国鸟类总量的24%至40%，这一结果可能使其成为全世界最多数量的鸟类。由此可推断出，旅鸽当时是美国数量最多的鸟类。•2．Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'______.•A．escapeB．ruin•C．liberationD．evolution•答案：B词义猜测题。根据文章第三段画线单词之后叙述的内容可知鸽子被当作城市饭店中的食物，遭受了长期大量的捕杀，可判断出画线单词所在句子的意思是说鸽子的数量遭受了“毁灭性”的打击。因此可知，画线单词的意思应该是“毁灭、破坏”与选项中的ruin的意思最接近。•3．Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?•A．Toseekpleasure.B．Tosaveotherbirds.•C．Tomakemoney.D．Toprotectcrops.•答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.”可知，鸽子被捕捉后被运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅，由此可推断出人们捕杀鸽子主要是为了挣钱。•4．WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?•A．Itwasignoredbythepublic.•B．Itwasdeclaredtoolate.•C．Itwasunfair.•D．Itwasstrict.•答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswass