地理信息系统GIS在林业上的应用及发展趋势

第29卷第3期　　Vol.29　No.32000年6月JILINFORESTRYSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYJun.2000:1005-7129(2000)03-0001-04(GIS)王宪成(吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春　130031):,GIS,:;;:F326.299:AApplicationofGISonForestryandItsDevelopingTendencyWANGXian-cheng(JilinProvinceAcademyofForestryScience,Changchun130031,China)Abstract:TheuniversalityandnecessityofapplicationofGIS,anewhightechnologicalmethodwithstrongvitality,onforestrywasintroducedinthispaperonbasisofintroductionofconcept,function,formationbackgroundanddevelopingprocessofGIS.Meanwhiletheexistingproblemsanddevelopingtendencywerediscussed.Keywords:GIS;application;forestry;developingtendency:2000-03-23:(1945-),,,,,.,,,1(GIS)(GeographicInformationSystem,GIS),1.1狭义,,1GIS,1.2广义1.2.1,1.2.2,1.2.3,1.2.42GIS,GIS400ARC/INFO,GENAMAP;MAP/GIS,GeostarGIS,,1001960(RogerF.Tomlinson),,1965,W.L.(Garrison),GIS,4:2.1起步阶段1960,1971GIS,GISGIS,,,,2.2地理信息系统的发展阶段70,,,,GIS,,,2.3地理信息系统理论、方法和技术趋向成熟阶段80,,,,,,80,,,GIS,22.4地理信息系统作为高技术产品广泛应用阶段90,,Windows,,:2.4.1GIS2,2.4.2GIS,2.4.3GIS2.4.4GIS,3GIS,,,,,80,8090,,GIS90,,GIS,GIS,,GIS,,,,3.1森林资源信息管理,,,,,,,,3.2森林分类经营管理,,,3.3天然林保护工程管理,,,3.4森林限额采伐管理,,,,,3.5更新造林管理,,,,3.6林业用地信息管理51.9%,,,3,3.7森林病虫鼠害监测及控制,,,,3.8森林防火监测及动态管理,90,GIS,,,4GIS60,GIS,GIS4.1地理数据采集自动化4.1.1(),(ScannerorXcandigitizer),,,,,4.1.2,3S,,,,,4.2地理信息的智能化,GIS,3,,,GIS,GIS,GIS4.3地理信息系统共享与网络化,,,,,,,,4.4用户界面友好化(22)43C13,12h()12.5%;7d3.1%,7d12h48h,5%MS-F,(12),,(648h),,648h4:Mpakg/m3()MpaLNC-7d28d90dC2031826862360913231310887.5910.5917017514.915.623.424.125.727.7C2535730059358013191306968.9311.8817017516.116.729.530.733.334.6C30398334527515135413411089.9513.2617017520.421.236.236.941.843.1C13,:a.b.,c.C13,,C20,,(4),,GISGIS,,,,GIS,GIS,GIS3S,,,21GIS,GIS22