关系副词

.定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词关系词：引导定语从句的词关系词的作用：(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置关系代词关系副词关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词：where,when,why常见的关系词：指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略只能用that的情况：1、当先行词被形容词最高级所修饰时，定语从句引导词只用that.2、先行词被序数词，或者被thelast(最后的),theonly(唯一的),thevery（正是那个）,all,any,every,few,little,no,some等词所修饰时，引导词只用that。3、当先行词包含了人和物两方面时，定语从句引导词只用that4、以疑问词who,which,what开头的疑问句,为避免重复,要用that引导后的定语从句5、当先行词是不定代词nothing,something,anything,everything,all,one等时，且指物时，定语从句引导词只用that。1、先行词为all,anyone,ones,those,one，且指人时，引导词只能用who2、在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who3、引导非限制性定语从句4、整个句子是先行词，从句前面往往有逗号。5、介词提到关系代词前不能用that的情况：1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity___Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Isthereanythingelse___yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what4.What’sthenameoftheman____?A.youborrowedhiscarB.whichcaryouborrowedC.whosecaryouborrowedD.hiscaryouborrowedFindoutsentenceswithattributiveclauseswhichusewhere,when,orpreposition+which/whomPage34ReadingPara.11.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.3.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.Para.21.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.2.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.Para.31.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.2.…,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.Para.41.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.2.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.3.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Thetimewasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.IfirstmetNelsonMandelaatthattime.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.TheplacesoutsidethetownswerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Theyweresenttoliveintheplaces.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.Mandelawastheblacklawyer.Iwenttohimforadvice.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.Hewasgenerouswithhistime.Iwasgratefulforit.关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词是用来引导定语从句的2.作用：（1）在定语从句中替代先行词（2）在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用（3）起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句3.关系副词：where/when/why.4.注：区分与关系代词的区别，只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。1.where引导的定语从句先行词是表示地点的名词，如place,room,house,street,area等，或含有地点意义的抽象名词，如situation（处境，形势）,stage,point（点）,case（案例，情况），用where引导定语从句，在定语从句中做地点状语。•Theschoolwhere(=inwhich)Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.Harvardisaworld-famousuniversity.ThereWangAngothisDoctor’sdegree.Harvardisaworld-famousuniversitywhereWangAngothisDoctor’sdegree.Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.先行词关系副词=ThisisthehousewhichIwasbornin.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.注：关系副词可等于“介词+关系副词”。where=at/in/onwhich若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich2.when引导的定语从句先行词是表示时间的名词，如day,time,year,hour等，用when引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。•Thetimewhen(atwhich)IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.•Thedaywhen(onwhich)NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.时间：when=in/at/on/during+whichI’llneverforgettheday.Ijoinedtheleagueonthatday.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Ispentatschool.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\that1.I’llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetheronthefarm.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.inwhich2.I’llneverforgetthedays______westudiedtogether.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.inwhich•口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物•后看从句里,有无主宾语(有主或宾语，用关系副词；没有，用关系代词)BA3.why引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，如reason，用why引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.原因:why=forwhichDoyouknowthereason?Hewaslateforthemeeting.Doyouknowthereason__________________________________?hewaslateforthemeetingwhy先行词表原因关系副词作状语当先行词为reason，关系副词要用whyExercises:1.Shestillremembertheday_____shewasattackedbyabear.2.Thisistheplace_______wesaidgoodbye.3.Thereason_____hewaslateforschoolwasthathismotherwasill.4.Thatwastheyear______Ifirstwentabroad.5.Thisistheway_____________Ididit.whenwherewhywheninwhichthat6.Iwillneverforgettheday______wewereinthecountry.7.Thisisthepark_________youtookphotoslastSunday.8.Thatwasthereason________hewaslateforschool.whenwherewhy9.Thisisthefactory_____wevisitedyesterday.10.Thisisthefactory________myfatherworkedlastyear.11.Iwillneverforgettheday______Iwasborn.12.Iwillneverforgettheday______wespenttogetherlastyear.thatwherewhenwhich4.关系代词as的用法as在定语从句中作主语，宾语。一般用在thesame…as…，asmany(much)…as或such…as…结构中。Suchteachersasheknowareallkindtohim.Iwanttobuythesamepenasyouareusing.Don’tbuysuchbooksaswilldoyouharm.(1)意思不同。as表示“正如…那样”,which表示“这一点”“这件事”。(2)as所引导的从句可放在主句前或主句后；而which所引导的从句只可放在主句后。5.as和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，指代主句一句话的内