高三下虚拟语气公开课

GrammarSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望，怀疑或推测.虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句和固定句型等.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.虚拟语气的考点一.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。（语境）二·条件从句中的虚拟语气的用法；（省略；错综；含蓄条件）三·名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；四·几种句型中虚拟语气的用法。一：陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题1)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined2)---Wouldyouhavecalledherup___possible?---Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…wasB.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…hadbeenD.ifitwere…wouldbe二：虚拟语气在‘if’条件句中的用法were条件从句主句一般过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might＋动词原形例如：IfI______you,I________________theinvitation.如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。IfI______time,I_________there.如果我有空，我就去那儿。1）与现在事实相反shouldaccepthadwouldgo虚拟语气在‘if’条件句中的用法2）与过去事实相反条件从句主句过去完成时would/should/could/might＋havedoneIfyou__________earlier,you_______________thebus.如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。Ifhe_________youyesterday,he____________________yourbook.如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。hadcomecouldn´thavemissedhadseenwouldhavereturned虚拟语气在‘if’条件句中的用法3）与将来事实可能相反条件从句主句一般过去时（be多用were）shoulddo,weretodowould/should/could/might＋动词原形Ifhe____________,what_______wesaytohim.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifhe___________me,he_____________me.假如他看见我,就会认识我。shouldweretocomeshouldseewouldknow2.(if的省略)虚拟倒装句如果条件句中有were,had,should等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。Shoulditrain/wereittoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.例:Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther3.错综条件句1)Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tget前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去发生的事；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去相反。2)Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.A.asked…wouldknowB.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…knowD.hadasked…wouldknow3)ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall4：含蓄条件句与主句.即用without＝butfor代替if….not….从句。or/else/otherwise连接主句。高考题点击：ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacherI_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.(2009福建）A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon三:名词性从句中的虚拟语气A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气动词suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用(should)+do。B、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：a.Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted…that+(should)dob.Itisimportant,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,…that+（should)doc.Itisapity,ashame,nowonder…that+(should)doC、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气.即（should）+动词原形。（2009浙江）Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_______swimeaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t与表命令,计划,推荐,决定,建议，要求等意思有关的词后面的名词性从句都要用虚拟语气.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。四：几种句型的虚拟语气1.wish/asif(though)/ifonly后的宾语从句的虚拟语气：表示对现在情况的虚拟：动词过去式表示对过去情况的虚拟：过去完成时表示对将来情况的虚拟：should/would＋动词原形。Asmanyas150minersdiedintheaccident.Ifonlythecoal-owners____enoughattentiontothesafetymedsures.(周报）A.paidB.shouldpayC.wouldpayD.hadpaid2.wouldrather引导的从句表示过去的情况用过去完成时表示现在与将来的情况用动词过去时（2010江苏）Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe____moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused3.It’s（high)timethat句型：从句中动词应该用过去式，或用should＋动词原形(should不能省）Itishightimethatyou_______________tobed(go)went/shouldgoItisthefirsttimeyou______________here.(come)Itwasthefifthtimeyou______________lateyesterday.(come)havecomehadcome解题须知：1．分清是虚拟语气还是陈述语气；2．牢记虚拟语气在各种句式中的构成；3．看清混合条件句中表示时间的关键词；4．注意前后句的暗示，准确判断属哪种情形的虚拟语气。Practice高考链接1.---Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.---Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow.Andmyvegetables_____(2010北京)A.wouldn’tdieB.didn’tdieC.hadn’tdiedD.wouldn’thavedied2.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprograme,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy__.2010浙江A.wouldhavebeensavedB.wassavedC.hadbeensavedD.willbesaved3.---Johnwenttothehospitalalone.---Ifhe___meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010天津）A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold4.Butfortheirhelp,we_________theprogramintime(安徽）A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished5.Teachersrecommendparents___theirchildrenunder12toridebiketoschoolforsafety.(2010福建)A.notallowB.don’tallowC.mustn’tallowD.couldn’tallow6.Ifhe____myadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.(2010湖南)A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow7.---wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?----Sorry,I’drather____here,butI’drathermybrother____toyourcompany.(2009)A.staying,goesB.tostay,togoC.stay,wentD.tostay,goes8.Isupportedhimintime,otherwisehe_____offthebike.(2009)A.mightfallB.wouldfallC.shouldhavefallenD.wouldhavefallen9.(2009)—You___havesetasidemoretimetoplaywithourkids.----IwishI___,butyouknowhowbusyIwas.A.should,wouldB.could,didC.might,shouldD.should,had10.---Didyoumeetwiththefamousspacehero,YangLiwei?----____Ihadcomehereearlier!(2009)A.IfonlyB.IfnotC.ButforD.ForfearHomework:1.背诵有关虚拟语气的用法。2.预先复习情态动词。