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GrammarWordformation构词法三大构词法：１．合成(compound)２．派生(derivation)３．转化(conversion)1.合成法compounding定义：是把两个或两个以上的自由词合并在一起构成新词，成为一个合成词compoundwords。形式：可以直接相连(oneword)，或用“－”连接(wordsjoinedbyhyphen),也可分开(twoseparatedwords)。CompoundwordwithahyphenCompoundwordputtogetherCompoundwordsseparatedfree-fall,old-fashioned,steam-engine,world-famoswhichever,whatever,wherever,southeastern,indoor,outdoor,craftsmen,horsebackrollercoasterTurntoP34andfindoutthese3kindsofcompoundwordsinthereadingpassage.1).合成名词(1)n+nairconditioner空调bloodpressure血压incometax所得税creditcard信用卡(2)adj+ncentralbank中央银行fastfood快餐solarsystem太阳系remotecontrol遥控Compound(3)v-ing+另一词washingmachine洗衣机drivinglicense驾驶执照(4)其他方式by-product副产品editor-in-chief主编2).合成形容词(1)形容词-名词+ed词尾的词构成。absent-minded心不在焉的grey-haired头发灰白的(2)形容词+动词的ing或另一词构成long-suffering长期受苦的far-reaching深远的(影响)3.合成动词water-ski滑冰overeat吃得太多baby-sit看孩子waterkinddownsouvenirlifehardhandworthNo2MakecompoundwordsP37:townphonesomemeloncreamshopsizeicemobileworkingheartedwhiledowntownmobilephonehandsomewatermelonicecreamSouvenir-shopLife-sizehardworkingkind-heartedworthwhile2.转化conversion定义：一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。形式：转化后词形不变，但有的单词读音会发生变化。(1)v—n:(2)n—v:(3)adj—v:(4)adv—v:charge(v)—charge(n)hand(n)—hand(v)clean(adj)—clean(v)down(adv)—down(v)词形不变读音变化use/ju:s/(n)—use/ju:z/(v)present/`preznt/(n)—present/pri`zent/(v)３.派生Derivation定义：由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。形式：通常词形都会发生变化，词性有时也会发生变化。1)前缀prefix:(1)dis-:disagree,dislike,disappear(2)in-(il-,im-,ir-):incorrect,impossible,irregular,illegal(3)un-:unhappy,unable,unfit(4)non-:nonstop,nonverbal(非语言的)(5)mis-:mislead,misunderstand(6)re-:rewrite,review2)后缀suffix:(1)构成名词：-er,-ese,-ist,-ian,-ment,-tion,-ness,-th.buyer,Chinese,socialist,musicianagreement,collection,illness,truth(2)构成形容词:-al,-an,-ful,-ing,-y,-lessnational,American,careful,exciting,cloudy,useless(3)构成动词:-fy,-is(z)e:beautify,realize(4)构成副词:-ly:badly(5)构成数词:-teen,-ty,-ththirteen,sixty,twelfth1.Writeouttheoriginalwords.P37unchangeableadj_______dislikev__________impossibilityn_________unfriendlyadj__________overworkv______________misunderstandingn____________athleticadj______________misreadv________translatorn_____________changelikepossiblefriendworkunderstandathletereadtranslatePractice2.FillthetablewiththedifferentformsofthewordsP37.NounverbAdjectiveAdverbamusementamuseamusingamusinglyadmitimaginesettleequipattractadmissionadmissibleadmissiblyimaginationimaginativeimaginativelysettlementsettledequipmentequippedattractionattractiveattractively3.Makecompoundwordsafterthemodels.A:part,long,passer,film,short,well,cold,baby,get,low,worldB:by,known,time,maker,wave,famous,sitter,term,together,lying,bloodedModel:part+time=part-timeFillintheblankswiththewordsabove.1)It’sagoodideatostarta_________jobtomakeextramoney.2)It’snecessarytousea__________radiotopickuptheprogram.3)WaltDisney,thegreat__________,wasborninChicagoin1901.part-timeshort-wavefilm-maker4)TheDeadSeaisvery_________,ataround395metersbelowsealevel.5)We’rehavingalittle___________tocelebratehisbirthday.6)Theyoftenperforminthestreetsforthe_________.7)I’msureyouwillbe__________soon.low-lyingget-togetherpassers-bywell-known4.Makecompoundwordsafterthemodels.Model:bed+clothes=bedclothesA:book,boy,sea,fire,over,under,friend,sun,court,day,wideB:mark,side,burnt,friend,light,yard,fighter,ground,coat,ship,spread1)Thefirelastedabout4hoursbeforethe__________couldcontrolit.2)Atschoolsheformedaclose_________withseveralothergirls.3)Theydecidetospendtheirholidayatthe_______.4)Heputonahatand________beforehewentout.firefightersfriendshipFillintheblankswiththewordsabove.seasideovercoat5).Lucyenjoystravellingby____________.That’showshegoestoworkeveryday.6).Thechildrenareplayinghappilyinthe_________.undergroundcourtyard