高中定语从句讲解

TheAttributiveClause定语从句一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirlbeautiful（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩agirlinwhiteinwhite（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩agirlissingingwhoissinging（定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。常有形容词充当，（另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。）且单个词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语常后置，翻译成“……的thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboywhoistallTheboywhoisstrongTheboywhoiscleverappletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredTheapplewhichisgreenTheapplewhichissmallTheapplewhichisbig定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。引导定语从句的关系词who，whom，thatwhich，whosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词关系词作用1.代替先行词;２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which,that或whose然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词作主语作宾语作定语人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.关系代词4.whose是代词的所有格形式,作定语，它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.5.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.whom4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.asACA定语从句练习4.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.WhoseC.whichD./5.Thelanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.that或whichC./D.itAB定语从句练习6.Thegirlhandedthekey_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whomB.inwhichC.thatD.all7.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.thisCA定语从句练习8.Thisisthebook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.itD./9.Thisisthearticle__waswrittenbyhim.A.whoB.thatC.thisD.whose10.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.heDBB定语从句练习Homework:1.Revisetheattributiveclause.2.Write10sentenceswiththeattributiveclause.11.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor12.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who13.Thefarm_____wevisitedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthatDDC定语从句练习