高中定语从句课件

诊断分析对症下药沟通交流：师生观察：作业，练习，考试经验：教学经验与教学知识资源：网络，书籍，资深教师沟通交流：师生词汇：结合语音；善于利用；有用词汇整理笔记语法：讲解与巩固强化阅读：跳读与略读；提取关键信息；标记，带着问题找答案写作：寻找写作思路；有用书面表达，文章格式规范高中重难点解析之2012.2.19that/which辨析命题趋势定语从句一直是高考试题命题重点及高频语法点。以2011年为例，全国各地高考英语试题中共有16道单选题涉及定语从句的用法。2010年同样有16道。定语从句中的一些细微知识点是重要考点，因其难以辨析，容易被考生混淆，造成失分。主语宾语定语指人Who/thatwhom/thatwhose（ofwhom）指物Which/thatWhich/thatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose引导定语从句的关系代词Review先行词成分Which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thecar（which）heisdrivingismadeinJapan.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.That指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.thatThat和which都可以指物，均可在句中作主语和宾语。作宾语时均可省略，在很多场合中可以互换。共同点Themovie(which)Iwatchedlastweekmademecry.Themovie(that)Iwatchedlastweekmademecry.差别在一些较为特殊的场合中，which和that又具有各自的用法，不能混用。①关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，一般用which,不用that。★（2011全国卷II第7题）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which答案：D★（10四川卷第10题）Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotraveling，______turnedouttobeawisedecision．A．thatB．whichC．whenD．where答案：B只能用which的情况That★★★★★②当关系代词前有介词，即介词提前时，指人只用whom,指物只用which，不用that。★（2011浙江卷第8题）Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those答案：A★（10浙江第3题）Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A．whomB．whichC．themD．thosePS：当介词位于定语从句末尾时，指物时既可用which也可用that。Isthistheplay___________youweretalkingaboutjustnow?(which/that)√★★★★★①当先行词为all,one,few,little,no,some,any等词，或everything,nothing,nobody,none等不定代词时。如：☆（10湖北77）Mymotherwassoproudofall________（我所做的）thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)答案：thatIhaddone只能用that的情况Which★（10全国Ⅱ16）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.whatWhich√★★★②如果先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that,不用which。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscountry.③当先行词被first,second等序数词修饰时,一般只用that。如：ThefirstgiftthatIreceivedwillbemybestmemory.ThisisthefifthnovelthatIhaveread.④当主句中的先行词为who或which时，关系代词只能用that。如：Who_______youhaveeverknowncandothisjobbetter?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?that⑤当主句的先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that来引导。如：I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.⑥当主句中先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时，一般只用that。如：Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.ThisisthelastplaythatIwouldliketowatch.exercise1.Herbag,in____sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.A.thatB.whomC.whereD.which2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing______sufferspain,death,harm,etc.A.whichB.whyC.whenD.that3.Whoisthegirl____isstandingunderthetree?A.whenB.asC.thatD.which4.Everything____wesawinthisfilmwastrue.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom5.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it小结当主句中的先行词指物时，究竟是使用which还是that须根据具体情况而定。在大多数情况下，二者可以互换。但是在少数特殊情况下，它们有各自不同的用法，不能混淆使用。Which和that的辨析是常见考点，需要多加注意。Thankyou！