复旦_研究生综合英语(1)(修订版)_Unit7

Unit7TheTryingTwentiesU7AdditionallnformationfortheTeacher’sReferenceTextTheTryingTwentiesWarm-upActivitiesFurtherReadingSpeakingSkillsAdditionalWorkUnit7TheTryingTwentiesWarm-upActivitiesWarm-up11.Whatdoes“thetryingtwenties”mean?Whyisthetwentiesa“trying”period?Here“trying”meansstrainingone’spowerofendurance,sothephrasemeansthatthetwentiesisaperiodinwhichpeopleundergomanyordealsthatwilltempertheirwillpowerandmakethemmoremature.Twenty-somethingsarepresentedwithnumeroustaskswhichtheyarenotyetequippedtodealwith.Forexample,toprepareforacareer,tofindamentorwhowillguideyouthroughlife,tofindamatewithwhomyouwillspendyourlife,etc.Thesearethethingsthatwereonceirrelevant,butnowhavebecomeimminent.Inasensethesearethe“trials”theyneedtogothroughastheyarebecominganadult.Unit7TheTryingTwentiesWarm-up22.Howwillyoudescribepeopleintheirtwenties?Positive:energetic/incandescentwiththeirenergies,impatienttobeontheirown,eagertofindtheirownwayoflivingintheworld,ambitious,brave,curious,adventurous,vivacious,confident,optimistic,cheerful,straightforwardNegative:changeable,baffled,confused,lovelorn(sometimes),rash,reckless,immatureUnit7TheTryingTwentiesWarm-up33.Illusionsareusuallyconsideredasnegative.Canyouthinkofhowillusionscansometimesbebeneficialforpeopleintheirtwenties?Peopleintheirtwentiesarefacedwithproblemsnevermetbefore.Theydon’tyethaveenoughexperienceandresourcestodealwiththem,buttheyusuallyhavenoonetoturntoandtheydon’tliketolookforhelpeither.Intimeslikethis,illusionstakeawaythefearinsideapersonandreplaceitwithconfidenceandexcitement.Sincealltheyhaveistheythemselves,thebeliefthattheirintelligenceandwillpowerconquersallpropelsthemforward.Itisintheattempttosolvetheproblemsthattheymature.Unit7TheTryingTwentiesGailSheehy(1937—)wasborninNewYorkCityandeducatedattheUniversityofVermont.LatershereceivedafellowshipatColumbiaUniversitywhereshestudiedunderanthropologistMargaretMead,whobecamehermentor.Asaliteraryjournalist,shewasoneoftheoriginalcontributorstoNewYorkmagazine.AcontributingeditortoVanityFairsince1984,shewontheWashingtonJournalismReviewAwardforBestMagazineWriterinAmericaforherin-depthcharacterAIFTTR1.1AdditionallnformationfortheTeacher’sReference1.GailSheehyUnit7TheTryingTwentiesportraitsofnationalandworldleaders,includingbothPresidentsBush,BillandHillaryClinton,NewtGingrich,MargaretThatcher,SaddamHussein,andMikhailGorbachev.Since1970,shehaspublishedmanyworks,includingLovesound(1970),Hustling:ProstitutioninOurWideOpenSociety(1973),Passages(1976)andCharacter:America’sSearchforLeadership(1988).AIFTTR1.2Unit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR2GailSheehydivideslifeintothefollowingstages:ProvisionalAdulthoodAge18to30FirstAdulthood30to45SecondAdulthoodmid40sto70s.ThirdAdulthood—75andbeyond.Shethinksthereisarevolutioninthelifecycle.Peopletodayaretakinglongertogrowupandmuchlongertogrowold.Adolescenceisnowprolongeduntilage30.Peopledon’tfeelfullygrownupuntiltheyareintheir40’s.Thefactthatwe2.lifeasaseriesofstagesUnit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR33.MaBellMotherBellisacolloquialtermfortheBellSyste,sonamedbecauseofthe1984antitrustcasewhichforcedittodivestitslocalphonenetwork.Theresultwassevenso-calledBabyBells.Thisisthelargesttelecommunicationsbreakupinhistory.aretakingmuchlongertogrowupandmuchlongertogrowoldshiftsallthestagesofadultlifeaheadbyabout10years:40iswhat30usedtobe.50iswhat40usedtobe.60iswhat50usedtobe.Unit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR4.14.GoetheGoethe,JohannWolfgangvon(1749-1832),Germanpoet,dramatist,novelist,andscientist.Goethe’spoetryexpressesamodernviewofhumanity’srelationshiptonature,history,andsociety;hisplaysandnovelsreflectaprofoundunderstandingofhumanindividuality.Hisimportancecanbejudgedbytheinfluenceofhiscriticalwritings,hisvastcorrespondence,andhispoetry,dramas,andnovelsuponthewritersofhisowntimeandupontheliterarymovementswhichheinauguratedandofwhichhewasthechieffigure.HisUnit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR4.2masterpiece,thepoeticdramaFaust,ranksasthepreeminentversionofthefamousFaustlegend,inwhichacharactersellshisimmortalsoultothedevilinreturnforknowledgeandexperience.Accordingtothe19th-centuryEnglishcriticMatthewArnold,Goethemustbeconsiderednotonly“themanifestcenterofGermanliteraturebutoneofthemostversatilefiguresinallworldliterature”.Unit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR55.TheSorrowsofYoungWertherWrittenbyGoethein1744asoneofthemostinfluentialdocumentsofromanticism.Itisaromanceinepistolaryform,basedontwoincidentsintheauthor’slife.WertherfallsinlovewithCharlotte,whoisbetrothedtoAlbert,andgiveshimselfuptoafewweekshappiness,whileAlbertisabsent.Thehetearshimselfaway.AlbertandCharlottearemarried,anddespairgraduallycomesoverWerther,whofinallytakeshisownlife.Thisworkexaltssentiment,eventothepointofjustifyingcommittingsuicidebecauseofunrequitedlove.Thebooksetatoneandmoodmuchcopiedbytheromanticsintheirworksandoftenintheirpersonallives:afashionabletendencytofrenzy,melancholy,world-weariness,andevenself-destruction.Unit7TheTryingTwentiesAIFTTR66.theromanticmovementAlsocalledromanticism,amovementintheliteratureofvirtuallyeverycountryofEurope,theUnitedStates,andLa