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Unit4SharingAttributiveClause(restrictive)限制性定语从句1.Theyarekindandwarmheartedpeople.2.Theycangivetime,energyandtalentstohelpothersinneed.3.Theyexpectnothinginreturn.Whoarethey?Theyarevolunteers.Theyarekindandwarm-heartedpeoplewhocangivetime,energyandtalentstohelpothersinneedandexpectnothinginreturn.限制性定语从句关系词先行词关系词关系代词关系副词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why注意：在定语从句中，关系词在从句中一定要充当一个成份———一、关系代词和关系副词的基本用法主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语用that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why填空1.Thehouse_______________Iwouldliketobuyisnotforsale.2.Thethief_____________hadrobbedthemanwascaughtbythepoliceman.3.Heistheoldman__________________Mr.Lihelpedyesterday.4.Isawsometrees________leaveswereblackwithdisease.5.IknowMaryverywell_____motherisateacher.that/whichwho/thatwho/that/whomwhosewhose6.Theoffice________heworksisonthethirdfloor.7.IwasinBeijingontheday________hearrived.8.Isthatthereason__________youwerelateforschoolthismorning?whereinwhichwhenonwhichwhyforwhich是不是当先行词是表示地点、时间、原因的名词时，引导词就用where,when,why?1.Iwillneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherinthebeautifulandquietvillages.2.Iwillneverforgetthedays_____westudiedinthehighschooltogether.A.whichB.whenBA用关系代词还是关系副词取决于引导词在从句中充当的成份：二、如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词做状语用关系副词，做主语，宾语，表语用关系代词3.Thisisthehouse______theylived5yearsago.4.Thisisthehouse______theysoldtome5yearsago.A.whereB.which5.Thisisthereason_____Bobgavemeforhisabsence6.Thisisthereason_____Bobwasabsentfromyesterday’smeeting.A.whichB.whyABAB7.Doyouremembertheday____yoursisterwasgraduatedasaMasterofArts?A.whichB.onwhichC.aboutwhichD.不填B=when当作出判断选用关系副词时，关系副词可以换为相应的介词+关系代词，when可换成on/in/by/…+which;where可换成at/in/from/…+which;why可换成for+which=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.1.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.三、若判断用关系副词，需注意：考点一：介词+关系代词的使用是不是所有的介词+关系代词都可以等于关系副词2.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?=why提醒:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是介词的选择.1.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949wastheyear_________thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.2.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.3.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，e.g.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms____________I’mnotfamiliar?inwhichwithwhichtowhomIsthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?定语从句中在固定短语中的介词不能提前。思考：下面从句中的介词能提前吗?考点二：特殊的先行词1.way作为先行词的定语从句Theway__________myteachergavemetosolvetheproblemwasverygood.which/thatgave.Theway____________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.inwhich/that2.position,situation,case等表示抽象地点的特殊先行词Ex:Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.whereD1.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what考点一只能用that的情况先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时，关系代词用that四、若判断用关系代词，则需注意：2.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom3.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat4.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it5.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it先行词为人和物的组合先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或先行词前thelast,thevery,theonly等时。若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。6.Sheisnolongerthegirl___sheusedtobe.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom先行词在定语从句中作表语时，用that．当whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但词序有变化，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+nEx1:Theriver____arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.A.whichbanksB.ofwhichbanksC.whosethebanksD.thebanksofwhich=thebanksoftheriverthe考点二Whose用法及转换形式Ex2:Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.thatEx3:Therearemanypeople____onlyon-lineactivityissendingandreceivinge-mails.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whoseAD考点三、定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don’tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．amisisam3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing五定语从句解题步骤（1）判断出先行词（2）确定先行词在定语从句中充当何种成份。确定是使用关系代词还是关系副词。（3）确定关系词后，分别考虑特殊的考点1.Thisisthefirstsumofmoney____thepoorchildrenhasreceived.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as2.Thereason______hedidn’tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what3.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity_______namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whoseExercises4.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich5.Guncontrolisasubject_______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich6.It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where7.I'veneverbeentoBeijing,butitistheplace___.A.thatIwanttovisititmostB.whereI'dliketovisitC.inwhichI'dliketovisitD.Imostwanttovisit8.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone______youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what完成学案“课外巩固”练习题