Unit4EarthquakesGrammar:AttributiveclauseStep1Review【观察1】完成课文句子并且明确所填内容在句中作什么成分。(1)Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,(没有把这些当一回事的人),wereasleepasusualthatnight.(2)ItwasfeltinBeijing,(200千米以外的地方).(3)Thenumberofpeople(死亡和重伤的人)reachedmorethan400,000.(4)Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake(几乎和第一次一样强烈的地震)shookTangshan.【发现1】所填内容在句中均为从句,在句中作成分。分别修饰名词people,Beijing,people,quake。whothoughtlittleoftheseeventswhichismorethantwohundredkilometersawaywhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredwhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstone定语定语定义1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫。被修饰的名词或代词叫。引导定语从句的词叫。2.(1)(2)两句中定语从句与先行词的关系不密切,有逗号分开,是。(3)(4)两句中定语从句与先行词的关系密切,没有逗号分开,是。定语从句先行词关系词非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句Step2Learnthegrammarpoint【观察2】观察句中画线部分,明确关系词的分类及用法(1)Thedoctorwhom/thatyouarelookingforisintheroom.你正找的那位医生在房间里。(2)Amanwho/thatisperfectlypleasedwiththepresentstateofthingsisafailure.完全满足于现状的人是个失败者。(3)DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisWangBing?你知道那个叫王兵的人吗?(4)Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.河边矗立的那座建筑物是我们的学校。(5)Isthisthebookwhich/thatshewaslookingfor?这是她正在找的那本书吗?(6)Thebuildingwhosewindowsfacesouthwasbuiltlastyear.那栋窗户朝南的楼房是去年建的。【发现2】(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)指代对象:指代人、指代物,作主语、宾语、定语。关系词通常有下列三个作用:A.;B.;C.指人,作宾语指人,作主语指人,作定语指物,作主语指物,作宾语指物,作定语引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一成分。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词:指代对象指代人指代物主语宾语[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]定语who,thatwhich,thatwho/whom,thatwhich,thatwhosewhose【观察3】观察句中画线部分,明确关系词的分类及用法(1)Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.我有两个姐姐,她们都是学生。(2)Sheisalovelygirl,whomwealllike.她是一个我们都喜欢的可爱的女孩。(3)Hisnewhouse,whichissituatedatthefootofthehill,isverybig.他的新房子坐落在山脚下,很大。(4)Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.众所周知,他是我们班里最好的学生。(5)Theyliveinaroom,whosewindowopenstothesouth.他们住在一个房间里,房间的窗户朝南开。(6)Hepassedthefinalexam,whichmadeushappy.他通过了期末考试,这让我们很高兴。【发现3】(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词:指代对象:指代人、指代物、作主语、宾语、定语指人,作主语指人,作宾语指物,作主语指主句,作主语指物,作定语指主句,作主语引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词:指代对象指代人指代物主语宾语[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]定语whowhich,aswho/whomwhich,aswhosewhose【观察4】观察句中关系词的用法(1)Ithinkshehassomething(that)youcanread.——————————————————————————(2)I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.——————————————————————————(3)Thisisthebestfilm(that)I’veeverseen.——————————————————————————(4)Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.——————————————————————————(5)Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.——————————————————————————(6)Icanrememberthethingsandpeople(that)Ivisitedinthevillage.——————————————————————————(7)Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?——————————————————————————【发现4】指物时只用that不用which的情况:(写在上面句子后的横线上)当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,all,none等不定代词时,或当先行词受every,any,all,few等代词修饰时,关系代词一般用that。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时关系代词用that。当先行词被序数词修饰时,关系代词一般用that。当先行词表示“正是的”,由thevery,theonly修饰时,关系代词一般用that。当先行词为人与物时,关系代词一般用that。当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时,关系代词一般用that。【观察5】观察句中关系词的用法(1)Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.——————————————————————————(2)Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.——————————————————————————(3)What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?——————————————————————————【发现5】指物时只用which不用that的情况:(写在上面句子后的横线上)引导非限制性定语从句时,只用which。当关系代词前使用介词时,只用which。先行词本身是that,或一个句子同时有两个定语从句,其中一个是由that引导时,另一个用which,以避免重复。【观察6】观察定语从句的谓语,明确其主谓一致关系(1)Mr.Smith,whoisnowdownstairs,isaskingtoseeyou.——————————————————————————(2)TheSmiths,whoarenowdownstairs,areaskingtoseeyou.——————————————————————————(3)Heis(only)oneofthestudentswhowereawarded.——————————————————————————(4)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowasawarded.——————————————————————————(5)Hehaspassedthecollegeentranceexamination,whichisadelighttohisparents.——————————————————————————【发现6】(写在上面句子后的横线上)——————————————————————————定语从句的谓语动词是由先行词的单复数决定的,即主谓一致。先行词是单数时,定语从句的谓语为单数。oneofthe+复数名词作先行词时,定语从句谓语动词是复数。先行词被theonlyoneof修饰时,定语从句的谓语动词为单数。作主语的关系代词指代整个句子时,定语从句的谓语为单数。先行词是复数时,定语从句的谓语为复数。