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Discoveringusefulstructures同位语从句theAppositiveclause(1)同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,decision,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体内容和含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether,what等。e.g.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：注意:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.⑵同位语从句的表现形式:①由that引导Thefactthatyouhaven’tenoughtimetodotheworkisunbelievable.ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.②由whether引导Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.③由when引导Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.⑶有时可用thatistosay(也就是说),inotherwords(换句话说),thatis(那就是),forexample等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topracticemore.AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.⑷同位语从句与定语从句的区别:①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词,对其起到补充说明具体内容的作用;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的，对其起修饰限定的作用。②同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导;定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn?③引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.区别下列句子哪些是同位语从句,哪些是定语从句。1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreepartsisknowntomany.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句4.Thestatethatconsistsofthreecountriesisdevelopingveryfast.5.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.6.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.同位语从句定语从句定语从句练习1.TwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.ThefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句。2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonafour-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonafour-dayvisitinchina.3.Teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyChineseparentsholdtheview.ManyChineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.4.Timetravelispossible./Wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea.Wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.5.Studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople.6.Wedon’tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore.我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。(宾语从句)翻译句子,并说明这个名词性从句的作用。7.ItiscertainthatJohnwilldowellinhisexam.约翰肯定会考好。(主语从句)8.Whethertheyarecomingornotdon’tmattertoomuch.他们来不来无关紧要。(主语从句)9.Nowiswhenweneedhimmost.现在是我们最需要他的时候。(表语从句)10.Ihavenoideahowshegotthroughtheforest.我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。(同位语从句)11.Thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy.他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。(同位语从句)用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。12.Ican’tdecide_____bookIshouldbuy.13.Chinaisnolonger____itusedtobe.14.Iamveryinterestedin____heimprovedhisEnglishinsuchashorttime.15.____weneedismoremoney.whichwhathowWhat16.Thetruth___theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous.17._____and_____wewillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.thatWhenwhere用名词性从句完成下列句子。18.Thenews________________________________(她通过了考试)isexciting.19.Mikemadeapromise__________________________________(他将帮助我学习英语)thatshehaspassedtheexaminationthathewouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.指出划线部分是什么从句。20.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupthreecountriesisknowntous.21.Thecountrythatconsistsoftwocountriesisdevelopingveryfast.(同位语从句)(定语从句)22.Thenewsthattheplanewilltakeoffontimemakeseverybodyhappy.23.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundthecountryisthataheavystormiscoming.(同位语从句)(定语从句,表语从句)24.Thesuggestionthatweshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.(同位语从句)25.Oneofthemheldtheview__thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatD.whether单项选择26.Thereason___hehastogois___hismotherisillinbed.A,why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because27.Theyreceivedorders___theworkbedonerightaway.A.whichB.thatC./D.when28.Ihavenoidea_______.A.howtodoB.whenshallwestartoutforthetripC.whathashappenedtomywifeD.howmuchhavetheyearned29.Ithink___certainthatshewilldowellinherexam.A.thatB.thisisC.itD.what’s30.That’stheonlything___hecandonowA.whichB.allC.thatD.what31.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.(2004春季上海)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether答案B。这是一个同位语从句,解释promise的具体内容,要用that引导。高考题32.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt______acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05广东卷)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether33.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.（05浙江卷）A．whoB．thatC．asD．which34.Doris'successliesinthefact___sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.(06年上海春招）A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why35.Doyouhaveanyidea________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?（05辽宁卷）A．thatB．whatC．asD．which36._____isnopossibility_____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.(2001上海春）A.There…thatB.It…thatC.There…whetherD.It…whether1.填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句还是同位语