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非谓语动词（分词作状语）@了解谓语动词与非谓语动词区别（引）@掌握分词作状语（学）@高考非谓语真题尝鲜（练）Task1.学会判断非谓语动词•一、考一考•判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。•1.HeisteachingEnglish.•2.HisjobisteachingEnglish.•二、定义•☻谓语动词就是指在句子中充当谓语的动词•☆非谓语动词指的是在句中不是谓语的动词。•谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。做什么是什么过去分词不定式-ing形式非谓语动词三、非谓语使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.四、分析句子结构,辨别“谓与非谓”1.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HewastoldB_____A练习：用studying或者study1）________(study)hard,youwillpassthefinalexam.2)_________(study)hard,andyouwillpass…StudyingStudyTask2：掌握分词作状语ThePresentParticipleasAdverbial（现在分词做状语）分词语态时态否定逻辑主语被动主动语态doinghavingdonedonebeingdonehavingbeendone-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与主语主动关系。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，一、现在分词的形式及其表达的意义1、-ing分词的主动式：一般式:表示和后面句子的动作是同时进行的动作；完成式：表示动作是先于后面句子的动作发生。如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。2、-ing分词的被动式-ing分词的被动式表示与后面句子的主语是被动关系。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：（Havingbeencriticized）bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。二、现在分词作状语的句法功能1.-ing分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。2.-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。Beingsoexcited,Manyofuscouldn’tgotosleepthatnight.因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着3.–ing分词短语作结果状语。如：Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。4.-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。5.-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：Usingyourhead(Ifyouuseyourhead),youwillfindaway.Knowingallthis(althoughtheyknewallthis),theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。独立成分：有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly…)speaking,一般来说judgingfrom(从…判断),supposing(假设),considering(考虑到)allowingfor(考虑到)taking..intoconsideration(考虑到)regarding(关于)talkingof（谈到),speakingof（谈到）等。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?1、分词(短语)作状语时,前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号。使用-ing形式需注意的4个问题.3、用V+ing一般式还是Having+done完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。Afterheheardastrongsound,hewentoutoftheroomforalook.=Hearingastrangesound,hewentoutof….Asthegirlwasseriouslyill,shewastakentohospitalimmediately.Beingseriouslyill,thegirlwastakento….be-beingAsshedidn’tknowanyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.NotknowinganyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.Consolidation1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake3.”Can’tyouread?”Marysaid______tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing4.______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived5．Themissingsingerwaslastseen____thevoiceclosetothebridge．A．exercisingB．tobeexercisingC．exerciseD．toexercise6.Thedirectorsdiscussedtheprojectthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear．A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout7.__________theclassroom,thestudentswenttotheplaygroundtowatchthefootballmatch.A.TocleanB.HavingcleanedC.CleanedD.Cleaning8.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor________Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.“A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading9.________fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.A.JudgingB.JudgedC.TojudgeD.Judge10.________fortheterribleaccident,asthepublicthought,themayorfeltnervousandwasatalosswhattodo.A.HavingblamedB.ToblameC.BeingtobeblameD.Beingtoblame11.Wesleptwiththelight________allnightlonglastnight.A.burntB.toburnC.beingburntD.burning12.________hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.A.HearingB.HavingheardC.WhenhearingD.Whensheheard