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一政治新闻常用字政制政府政党absolutemonarchy专制君主政体constitutionalmonarchy君主立宪政治constitutionalgovernment立宪democracy民主政dictatorship独裁republic共和国empire帝国politics政治politician政治家、政客party政党governmentparty执政党opposition(party)在野党centralgovernment中央政府localgovernment地方政府federalgovernment联邦政府autonomy自治、自治权city(municipal)assembly市议会governor州长、省长、总督mayor市长bureaucracy官僚政治militarism军国主义imperialism帝国主义liberalism自由主义conservatism保守主义conservativeparty保守党revolution革命revolutionary革命的reactionary反动的socialism社会主义communism共产主义politicaltemper政治动向platform政党政纲选举election选举primary(election)初选generalelection大选Parliamentaryelection（英）国会议员选举Presidentialelection（美）总统选举electioncampaign（美）选举活动candidate;nominee侯选人iselected;isreturned当选isdefeated落选voter投票者votingbooth(place)投票场议会名称及有关活动Diet日本国会Parliament英国国会Congress美国国会NationalLegislature（国）议会StateLegislature州议会HouseofRepresentatives（美）众议院，下议院Congressman（美）下议院议Senate（美）上议院Senator（美）上院议员HouseofLords（英）上议院MemberoftheH.ofL.（英）上院议员HouseofCommons（英）下议院MemberoftheH.ofC.（英）下院议员session会期sitting会议dissolution解散isconvened召集isdissolved解散prorogued,suspended延会asjournsinedie无期延会firstreading初读secondreding二读bill法案budget预算resolution决议案impeachment弹颏，质问non-confidencemotion(vote)不信任censurevote不信任投票motion动议urgentmotion紧急动议present,submit提出reject否决pass;carry;approve;adopt赞成，通过interpellation质问演说question质问，质询reply答辩standingcommittee常任委员会disciplinarycommittee纪律委员会specialcommittee特别委员会unanimousvote全场一majorityvote多数表决rostrum讲坛debate讨论内阁称谓英国Premier;PrimeMinister总理，首相Minister部长Vice-minister副部长ParliamentaryCouncillor枢密官DirectorChiefof---Bureau局长Chiefof---Section科长Foreignminister外交部长ForeignOffice;DepartmentofForeignAffairs外交部HomeOffice(Department)内务部WarDepartment陆军部NavyDepartment海军部JusticeDepartment司法部FinanceDepartment财政CommunicationDepartment交通部EducationDepartment教育部CommerceandIndustryDepartment工商AgricultureandForestryDepartment农林部RailwayDepartment铁道部OverseasDepartment海外部PrivyCouncil枢密院LegislationBureau法制局StatisticsBureau统计局PensionsBureau年金局美国President总统SecretaryofState国务卿DepartmentofState国务院War（陆），Navy（海），Interior（内务），Treasury（财政），Commerce（商），Labor（劳工），Agriculture（农）各部均称Department,部长称Secretary外交diplomacy外交diplomat外交官foreignpolicy外交政策diplomaticrelation邦交severdiplomaticrelations断resume(restore)diplomaticr恢复邦交diplomaticcorps外交使节团delegateplenipotentiary全权代表（委员）diplomaticmission外交使节团diplomaticenvoy外交使节diplomaticimmunity外交豁免权negotiations交涉parley商议，谈判pourparler预备交涉internationalconference国际会议summitcoference巨头会议sponsoringcountry发起国closed-doorsession秘密会议overtures正式提义arbitration仲裁mediation调庭agenda议事日程strictneutrality严守中立declareneutrality宣告中立interference;intervention干涉non-interference不干涉armedintervention武力干涉note通谍ultimatum最后通谍declarewar宣战declarationofpeace宣告和平armistice休战ArmisticeDay休战记念日armscompetition军备竞赛disarmament裁军existingtreaty现存条concludeatreaty缔结条约signatreaty签约treatyrevision修订条约pact条约convention协议protocol议定书memorandum备忘录agreement协定mostfavourednationtreatmenttextofatreaty条约本文annex附录treatyobligation条约义务tarifftreaty关税条约suzerain宗主权territory领土protectorate保护国satellite(state)卫星国strain紧张tension紧张状态self-determination民族自决apartheid种族隔离racism种族歧视embargo禁运InternationalPoliceForce国际警察inspectionsystem考查制度internationalcontrol国际共管DisplacedPersonsAct难民保护法armedcoupd'etat（法文）武装政权ambassador大使embassy大使馆minister公使legation公使馆charg'ed'affaires（法文）代councillor参事官secretary书记官attache'学员consulgeneral总领事consulate-general总领事馆consul领事vice-consul副领事mandate委任credentials,LetterofCredence国书recognition承认defactorecognition（法文）事实承认dejurerecognition（法文）法律承认extradition引渡asylum政治疪护二.经济新闻常用字一般用语economics经济finance财政business实业商业businessandfinancialcircles实业界及财界commerce财界capital资本capitalist资本家investment投资labouresworkers工人salary俸给wages工资costofliving生活费用price价格priceofcommodities物价indexnumberofprices物价指数demand需要supply供给consumer消费者produce生产producer生产者costofproduction生产费用massproduction大量生产overproduction生产过剩product;produce生产物output;turnout;production生产额stapleproducts重要产物exchange交换；汇兑distribution分配goods;articles货物commodites;merchandise商品transaction；dealing交易；买卖cashtransaction现金交易seller卖者buyer买者middleman;broker经济retailer;retailmerchant零售商retailbusiness零售wholesalebusiness批发wholedealer批发商wholeprice批发价agent代理人agency代理店soleagency独家经理处generalagent总代理人firm;concern商号，行家company公司customer顾客rawmaterial原料manufacturedgoods制品finishedgoods精致品naturalresources天然资源foodsupplies食料品dailynecessaries必需品，日用品金融、汇兑、保险bank银行deposit存款interest利息interestrate利率withdrawdeposits提出存款check支票dishonouredcheque空头支票credit信用draft,bill汇票promissorynote期票suspensionofbusiness休业bankfailure银行倒闭gobankrupt破产mortgage;security抵押financier财政家，金融家financialcommissioner财务官financialreadjustment财务整理financialfiscalyear会计年度currency通货subsidiarycoins辅币bill,notes,papermoney纸币goldspecie现金speciereserve现金准备domesticloan内债foreignloan外债exchage汇兑，划汇foreignexchange外汇exchangerate汇兑率stockexchange证券交易所lifeinsurance人寿保险fireinsurance火灾保险marineinsurance海上保险endowmentinsurance火灾保险premium养老保险insurancepolicy保险费theinsured保险单tobeinsured投保underwriter保险商insuranceagent;convasser保险经纪sumofinsurance保险金额公司，商业president总经理vice-president副总经理，协理managing-director常务董事director董事generalmanager