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TheAttributiveClause（non-restrictive)1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。限制性定语从句(restrictive)非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive）TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。｛定语从句1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句:所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。(如果把从句部分去掉,整个句子的含义就变了)非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。一般不用that引导。1)Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.他的狗当时很老了,生病后就死了。(去掉从句,主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。)2)YesterdayImetLiLei,whoseemedtobeverybusy.昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。(去掉从句,意义仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。)2.非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：a.非限制性定语从句中,指物时,用which而不用that。1)Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.2)Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.b.指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)。1)MissHowe,whomyoumetinthelibrary,isournewteacher.2)TheArabs,whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels,usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports.3)LiMing,whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays,isabsentfromschooltoday.c.另外关系副词when(指时间),where(指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句);why不引导定语从句。4)Helivesinthecity,wherethereisahightower.5)ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,whenhewasborn.d.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。6)WuDong,withwhomIwenttoseethefilm,enjoyeditverymuch.7)Herbag,inwhichsheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.8)ThestoryabouttheLongMarch,ofwhichthisisanexample,arewellwritten.3.as,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开用逗号“，”与主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语：“…的”通常译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上1.作宾语时可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whom1.YesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisownhouse,_______isahospital.A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhichC.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat2.Mybrother'spurse,_______heput￥1,000,wasmissingonthebus.A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that3.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.that4.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich5.Hisglasses,_______hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose6.Thecomputer,_______hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat7.Inthepastwelostmanychances,_______wepaidlittleattention.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.towhich8.Thepen,_______Ihadbeenwritingfortenyears,wasbroken.A.withwhichB.withthatC.asD.withit9.Maryhastwobrothers,________aredoctors.A.bothoftheyB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.whomofboth10.Theproblem_______youarguedaboutyesterdayhasbeensolved.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich11.Myauntboughtmeabook,thename_______Ihaveforgotten.A.ofitB.whichC.whoseD.ofwhich12.OnthewayhomeImetmyfriendJohn,from_______homethethiefhadstolenacomputer.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose13.Ihatetheway_______youtalktoyourmother.A.bywhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.which14.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_______themousegotintothehouselastnight.A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhichD.bywhich15.Lastnightwesawtwomovies,_______wasinteresting.A.bothofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofthemD.neitherofthem16.Iusedtoliveinahouse,____grewatalltree.A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhichC.inthefrontofwhichD.infrontofthat17.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.whenB.duringthatC.inwhichD.whichFunction----practiceSuggestedanswerstoEx3onPage41.1.Peterdancedandsangallevening.PeopleusedtothinkPeterwasquiet.Peter,whompeopleusedtothinkwasquiet,dancedandsangallevening.2.Sharongavemeapictureformybirthday.Shehadpainteditespeciallyforme.Sharongavemeapictureformybirthday,whichshehadpaintedespeciallyforme.3.Wepickedalltheapplesandputtheminboxes.Theywillbetransportedabroad.Wepickedalltheapples,whichwillbetransportedabroad,andputtheminboxes.4.ThebookbySamWaterswasnotavailable.Sheaskedforit.ThebookwhichsheaskedforbySamWaterswasnotavailable.5.Thevisa(签证)hasnotarrivedyet.IneedthevisatoentertheUS.ThevisawhichIneedtoentertheUShasnotarrivedyet.6.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning.Thentherewasaheavyfog.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning,whentherewasaheavyfog.7.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse.Theresheteachesthehomelesschildren.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse,wheresheteachesthehomelesschildren.8.AnneisgoingtoAmericanextyear.Herdaughterisinmyclass.AnnewhosedaughterisinmyclassisgoingtoAmericanextyear.9.Hewentonthebustourwithagroupofpeople.Mostofthemhadnevertraveledbefore.Hewentonthebustourwithagroupofpeople,mostofwhomhadnevertraveledbefore.1.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he此为非限定性从句,不能用that修饰,而用which.it和he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。