Chinese Music 中国音乐

ChineseMusic•Chinesemusic•1.knowninancienttimes•warringstateperiod(475BC-221BC)•2.Confucius•3.musicinstrumentsMusicInstruments•Theerhu(Chinese:二胡;pinyin:èrhú),sometimesknownintheWestastheChineseviolinorChinesetwostringfiddle,isatwo-stringedbowedmusicalinstrument,usedasasoloinstrumentaswellasinsmallensemblesandlargeorchestras.MusicInstruments•Theguzheng,orguzheng(Chinese:古箏;pinyin:gǔzhēng)isatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Itbelongstothezitherfamilyofstringinstruments.MusicInstruments•Thepipa(Chinese:琵琶;pinyin:pípá)isaChinesestringinstrument.SometimescalledtheChineselute,theinstrumenthasapear-shapedwoodenbody.IthasbeenplayedfornearlytwothousandyearsofhistoryinChina,Famouspiecesinclude《十面埋伏》ShimianMaifu[AmbushedfromTenSides]PopMusic•Thepopmusicwhichthetunesarenaturalfluentlyandtheapproachofthemusicarecommon.Itisveryshortandeasytosing,easytolearn,easytospread.Inacertainperiodandrange,itcanbepopularquicklyandalsocanbereceivedbymajorityofpeopleespeciallyyoung.Thecreationofpopmusicarealwaysfocusondailylifeandlove,becausethesecontentareveryeasytobeunderstood.•AboutthestyleofChinesepopmusic,ithasreachtheclimaxinthreetimes.Inthelate70sandtheearly80s,webroughtinthemusicofHongkongandTaiwanandmanysingersimitatethem,suchasDengLijun,LuoDayou,Tanyonglin.Inthemiddleof80s,thepopmusiccametoshowitsnativestyle,suchas“Theloessplateau”and“xintianyou”.Intheearly90s,theurbanmusicbegantoappear,withavarietyofstylescoexistinatime,forexample“thebirdoflove”and“loveiseasy”NationalMusic•Guoyuearebasicallymusicperformedonsomegrandpresentationtoencouragenationalpride.Since1949,ithasbeenbyfarthemostgovernment-promotedgenre.Comparedtootherformsofmusic,symphonicnationalmusicflourishedthroughoutthecountry.In1969thecantatawasadaptedtoapianoconcerto.TheYellowRiverPianoConcertowasperformedbythepianistYinChengzong,andisstillperformedtodayonglobalstages.DuringtheheightoftheCulturalRevolution,musicalcompositionandperformanceweregreatlyrestricted.Aformofsoft,harmonic,generic,pan-Chinesemusiccalledguoyuewasartificiallycreatedtobeperformedatconservatories.AftertheCulturalRevolution,musicalinstitutionswerereinstatedandmusicalcompositionandperformancerevived.AttheheightoftheMaoZedongera,themusicacceleratedatthepoliticallevelintoRevolutionaryMusicleaningtowardcultstatusandbecomingmainstreamunderpro-Communistideology.ChineseWell-knownMusic•TheYellowRiverCantata(Chinese:黄河大合唱Pinyin:HuánghéDàhéchàng)isacantatabyChinesecomposerXianXinghai(1905–1945).ComposedinYan'aninearly1939duringtheSecondSino-JapaneseWar,theworkwasinspiredbyapatrioticpoembyGuangWeiran,whichwasalsoadaptedasthelyrics.PremieredonApril13ofthesameyearintheShanbeiGongxueHallofYan'an,theworksoonspreadtoallpartsofChinaandgreatlyinspiredthepeopletotakeuparmsagainstJapaneseinvadersChineseRock•Asweallknow,forefatherofChineserockisCuiJian.Inthelate1980sheplayedthefirstChineserocksongcalled:“NothingToMyName”(“Yiwusuoyou”).ItwasthefirsttimeanelectricguitarwasusedinChina.Hebecamethemostfamousperformerofthetime.•Following,twobandsbecamefamousHeiBaoandTangDynasty.Bothstartedduringthelate1980sandearly1990s.HeiBaoisanold-schoolrockbandwhosefirstCD,HeiBaousedthepopularEnglishsong(Don'tBreakMyHeart).TangDynastywasthefirstChineseheavymetalband.ItsfirstCDADreamReturntoTangDynastycombineselementsoftraditionalChineseoperaandoldschoolheavymetal.Thealbumwasamajorbreakthroughreleasingaround1991.TheFatherofChineseRock-CuiJian崔健