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贵州省2019学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________班级____________分数__________题号一二三四五六总分得分一、阅读理解1.OneofthegreatestsoccerplayersofalltimeisPelé.Hewasbornin1940inTresCoracoes,Brazil.Hisfirstsoccerballwasagrapefruit.Healsousedanoldsockandfilleditwithnewspaper.Peléleftschoolatayoungagetoplaysoccerandworktohelphisfamily.Laterinlife,hefinishedhighschoolandcollege.Peléscored1,281goals—moregoalsthananyotherplayerintheworld.HehelpedBrazilwinthreeWorldCuptitles.Peléretiredfromsoccerin1971.PeopleallovertheworldadmiredPelé.Presidentsandworldleadersinvitedhimtotheircountries.NigeriaoncestoppeditswarforthreedaystoletPeléplay.Histalentisveryunusual.DoctorsoncetestedPelétofindoutwhyheplayedsoccersowell.Theyfoundthathehadexcellenteyesight.Heisalsoveryintelligent.Pelélikedtodomathproblemsandplaychess.Hesaidtheseactivitieshelpedhimplaybetter.Peléismarriedandhasthreechildren.Helikestobewithhisfamily.Healsoplaystheguitarandwritessongs.Pelécaresaboutpeople,especiallychildren.Hegivesmoneytohelppoorchildren.Heneveradvertisesfortobaccoorliquorcompanies.Heknowsthathehasagreatinfluenceonyoungpeople.Peléoncesaidthathewantsto“unitepeople,nevertoseparatethem.”Heislovedandadmiredallovertheworld.1.ThetextismainlytalkingaboutPelé’s__________.A.familyB.lifeC.hobbyD.work2.HowoldwasPeléwhenhestoppedplayingsoccer?A.49B.39C.31D.223.WhichwordscanbestdescribePelé？A.Caringandresponsible.B.Intelligentandaggressive.C.Helpfulandoutgoing.D.Generousandmodest.2.Urbanswansmightbebornwithadaredevilgenethatmakesthemlessfearfulofhumans,comparedwiththeirruralcolleagues.AstudyhasfoundswanslivingincitiestendtobebolderanditisatleastpartlydeterminedbyagenecalledDRD4.Birdswiththisgenecouldthereforebebetteradaptedtosettlinginmorepopulatedareas,whilemoretimid（胆怯的）swanswouldescapetolessinhabitedregions.Itcouldhelptoexplainwhyswansinpublicparksandonurbanrivershaveareputationforbeingsoaggressivetowardshumans-theyaresimplynotafraidofus.BiologistsfromsomeuniversitiesinAustralia,trackedandcollectedbloodsamplesfromblackswanslivingintwowetlandsnearcities.Onegroupofswanslivedinarecreationalurbanpark,whiletheotheroccupiedawaste-waterprocessingsiteoutoftown.Thetwoareaswerelessthan20milesapart.Later,from2011through2013,theresearchersstartedsystematicallyscaringtheswansatbothsites.Theresearchersapproachedthebirdsandcalculatedhowclosetheycouldgetbeforetheyflewaway.Asexpected,theynoticedthatwhileruralswansstartedflyingawayifahumanwascloserthan119meters,thescientistscouldcomeasclosetourbanswansas39metersbeforetakingoff.Analysesofthebloodsamples,infact,showedthat83percentofthelesscautiousswanspresentedthesamegeneticDRD4variation（变异)whileruralswanshavedifferentgeneticmakeupsresultinginmorewariness(谨慎，小心）.Theresearchersconcludethatswanswiththeboldvariationofthegenemightchoosetoliveinurbanenvironments,astheytendtobelessbotheredbyhumanpresence.1.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph1means__________.A.timidB.cautiousC.boldD.stubborn2.What’sthedifferencebetweenruralswansandurbanones？A.TheruralswanscarrymoreDRD4.B.Theurbanswansaremorefriendly.C.Theurbanswansarelessscaredofpeople.D.Theruralswansareaggressivetowardshumans.3.WhatdoesDRD4referto?A.akindofblood.B.akindoffood.C.akindofgeneticvariation.D.akindofswan.4.Whatdoesthe4thparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thelivinghabitofswans.B.Thelivingenvironmentofswans.C.Thecontributionofthebiologists.D.Theprocessandresultoftheresearch.3.TheAmericanliteratureisfromtheRomanticismtotheRealism.TheAmericanRomanticismbeganfromtheendof18thcenturytotheoutbreakoftheCivilWar,whichisalsocalledtheAmericanRenaissance.TheperiodisaswellasthetimeofAmericanWestwardExpansion.Duringtheperiod,therewerelotsofworkforcescrowdingtothecities,whichpromotedtheindustry.Thepeoplefoundthattheyneedtheir-ownliteraturetorecordtheirexperiences.SotheRomanticismflourished(繁荣）.TheRomanticisminAmericanliteraturefocusesonimaginationandemotionalfactors.TheAmericanwriterspaidmoreattentionstothefreeexpressionoffeelingsandthecharacters’innerworld.Duringtheromanticperiod,thereweremanywriters:PhilipFreneau,WilliamCullenBryantandsoon.TheRealisminAmericanliteraturewasfrom1865to1914,andittakesontheAmericanspirit,especiallyinAmericanstories.TheRealismagainsttheRomanticism,advocatesthepeopletocomedowntotheearthandgetridofdaydreams.Duringthe50yearsfromtheCivilWartotheWWI,theAmericahadexperiencedagreatchangeonmanyaspects,suchasthepolitics,economy,cultureandreligion.IthadchangedthenatureandtheideaoftheAmericansociety.Thewritersofnewagedidn’tagreewiththeRomanticismoftheoldage.Theywereinterestedinreallifeandwantedtoexplaineverythingrelatingtothereallife,whichistoclaimtheobjectivereality,togetridofidealismandRomanticism.Therewere3mainwritersatthattime:WilliamPeanoweils,HenryJamesandMarkTwain.TheirwritingsrepresentedtheAmericannativecustomswiththeirdeepruralstyles,whichuncoveredthepeople’sinnerlife.1.Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.TheAmericanRomanticism.B.TheHistoryofAmericaC.TheCivilWarofAmericaD.TheAmericanliterature2.Whatdoes“it”inpara4refersto?A.TheRealisminAmericanliteratureB.TheAmericanliteratureC.Theperiodfrom1865-1914D.T