人机工程学课程设计

内蒙古科技大学人机工程学课程设计网球轮椅的结构优化及人机分析摘要中文摘要:人机工程学是运用人体测量学、生理学、心理学等学科的研究手段和成果，即将人体特性、能力和活动限度等方面的数据用于机械系统及其所处环境的设计中去，使操作者能安全、舒适和高效率地工作。人机工程学就是研究与解决“人—机—环境”三者协调统一，使人机系统和谐的学科。轮椅网球是残疾人依靠手臂以车代步在网球场上进行比赛的一种特殊的体育项目，随着人类社会的进步，残疾人体育活动逐步受到重视，由于网球轮椅的运动特点，对于下肢肢残者可以通过网球轮椅进行适当的户外体育活动，网球轮椅越来越多的被残疾人使用，网球轮椅的安全性、高效率性、乘坐舒适性等人机工程学方面的因素得到了设计者更多的重视。将网球轮椅置“人—机—环境”系统中，按人机工程学原理进行设计。网球轮椅各方面的优化设计将会直接影响到残疾人的安全、健康及舒适程度。按照人机工程学中“以人为本”的设计理念，在网球轮椅的设计过程中要跟家注重“人—网球轮椅—环境”的统一协调。并要着重体现人性化设计的重要性。本文基于人体测量学理论，以及人机结构的改进设计；针对不同消费水平和不同残疾程度的人群，通过人体百分位的计算。在原有的结构基础上进行了改良设计。使残疾人拥有更舒适的运动及娱乐体验。关键词：人机工程学；网球轮椅；结构优化；安全；舒适内蒙古科技大学人机工程学课程设计WheelchairTennisoptimizationandhuman-computeranalysisofstructureAbstract英文摘要:Theman-machineengineeringisthescientificresearchmethodsandtheachievementthatuseanthropometry、physiology、psychologyandsoon,applyhumanbodycharacteristic,abilityandactivelimitdatatothedesignofmechanicalsystemandtheenvironment,enabletheoperatorworksafely,comfortableandefficiently.Theman-machineengineeringisadisciplinewhichstudyandsolvethehuman-machine-environmenttomakethemunifiedandtomaketheman-machinesystemharmonious.Wheelchairtennisistoarmpeoplewithdisabilitiesrelyoncarstocompeteonthetenniscourtisaspecialsport,withtheprogressofhumansociety,thedisabledsportsandgraduallybetakenseriously,duetothemovementcharacteristicsofwheelchairtennisforthephysicallydisabledlowerlimbthosewhocanmaketheappropriateoutdoortenniswheelchairsports,wheelchairtennishasbeenanincreasingnumberofpeoplewithdisabilities,tennis,wheelchairsafety,efficiencybeingreckless,comfortandotherergonomicfactorshavebeenthedesignermoreandmoreimportance.Tenniswheelchairwillbesetman-machine-environmentsystem,designedaccordingtoergonomicprinciples.Wheelchairtennisinallaspectsoftheoptimaldesignwilldirectlyaffectthesafetyofpersonswithdisabilities,healthandcomfort.Inaccordancewithergonomicsinthepeople-orienteddesignphilosophy,inthetenniswheelchairdesignprocessYaogenfamily-orientedperson-WheelchairTennis-Environmentharmonization.Andtofocusontheimportanceofdesign内蒙古科技大学人机工程学课程设计reflectsthehuman.Thistheory,basedonanthropometry,aswellasimprovedhuman-machinestructuredesign;thelevelofconsumptionfordifferentlevelsanddifferentgroupsofpeoplewithdisabilities,throughthehumanbodypercentilecalculations.Onthebasisoftheoriginalstructure,carriedoutaimproveddesign.Enablepersonswithdisabilitieshaveamorecomfortablesportsandentertainmentexperience.Keywords:Ergonomics;WheelchairTennis;Optimization;safe;comfort;目录摘要.................................................................................................................................................IAbstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….II-1目录…………………………………………………………………………………………….….1-2第一章引言.................................................................................................................................3-71.1研究的背景..................................................................................................................................41.2本课题研究初衷………………………………………………………………………...4-71.2.1人机工程学意义和重要性.........................................................................................4-51.2.2国内外人机工程学设计发展和现状........................................................................5-61.2.3本课题的来源和研究内容........................................................................................6-71.3问题定义.....................................................................................................................................71.3.1结构的优化与分析.......................................................................................................71.3.2研究范围.......................................................................................................................7第二章三维人体模型的建立.................................................................................................…8-122.1建立人体模型的基础数据及处理.............................................................................................82.1.1所引用的主要人体测量数据....................................................................................8-92.1.2人体测量数据的应用原则.........................................................................……….9-102.1.3三维人体模型.............................................................................................……...10-112.2坐姿的活动空间...................................................................................................................11-12第三章网球轮椅的三维设计…………………………………………………………………13-183.1网球轮椅设计中的人机工程学…………………………………………………………133.1.1人机工程学的研究目的、内容……………………………………………………..133.2网球轮椅的设计原则和设计依据…………..…………………………………...........13-14内蒙古科技大学人机工程学课程设计3.2.1工作座椅的设计原则和设计要求………………………………………………13-143.3网球轮椅运动员的坐姿舒适性及安全性……………………………………................143.4网球轮椅的结构优化………………………………………………………………....14-183.4.1座椅系统…………………………………………………………………………14-163.4.2驱动轮的布置……………………………………………………………………….163.4.3舒适性设计……………………………………………………………………....16-173.4.4网球轮椅三维实体造型…………………………………………………………….173.4.5网球轮椅静态强度分析………………………………………………………....17-183.5不同消费等级的网球轮椅………………………………………………………………..18第四章网球轮椅设计中的人机工程评价…………………………………………………....19-204.1网球轮椅