一、Engineconstruction发动机构造1.rockerarmcover摇臂罩2.valverockerarm气门摇臂3.camshaft凸轮轴4.camshaftdrive凸轮轴驱动轮5.sparkpluglead火花塞导线6.timingbeltcover正时皮带罩7.valvespring气门弹簧8.poppetvalve菌形气门9.piston活塞10.connectingrod连杆11.timingbelt正时皮带12.combustionchamber燃烧室13.cylinderblock汽缸体14.waterjacket水套15.oilfilter机油滤清器16.flywheel飞轮17.ringgear齿圈18.oilgage机油标尺19.oilpan/sump油底壳20.crankshaft曲轴21.drainplug放油孔塞22.v-beltpulleyV型皮带轮二、Essentialterm基本术语1.cylinderdiameter汽缸直径2.pistonstroke活塞行程3.crankradius曲轴半径4.pistondisplacement活塞排量5.compressionchambervolume压缩室容积6.totalcylindervolume总汽缸容积7.topdeadcenter上止点8.bottomdeadcenter下止点三、Engineoperationprinciple发动机工作原理3.1.Four-strokegasolineengineoperationprinciple四冲程汽油机工作原理1.intakestroke进气行程2.compressionstroke压缩行程3.expansionstroke膨胀行程4.exhauststroke排气行程5.combustiblemixture可燃混合气6.intakevalve进气门7.sparkplug火花塞8.exhaustvalve排气门9.exhaustgas废气3.2Four-strokedieselengineoperationalprinciple四冲程柴油机工作原理1.intakestroke进气行程2.compressionstroke压缩行程3.expansionstroke膨胀行程4.exhauststroke排气行程5.intake进气6.compression压缩7.combustion燃烧8.expansion膨胀9.exhaust排气10.air空气11.injector喷油器12.exhaustgas废气3.3Two-strokegasolineengineoperationprinciple二冲程汽油机工作原理1.combustiblemixture可燃混合气2.inletport进气口3.crankcase曲轴箱4.precompressedmixture预压混合气5.transfercanal输气道6.intakeport进气口7.exhaustport排气口8.exhaustgas废气9.sparkplug火花塞3.4Two-strokedieselengineoperationprinciple二冲程柴油机工作原理1.air空气2.blowerpump扫气泵3.precompressedair预压空气4.airchamber空气室5.inletport进气口6.injector喷油器7.exhaustvalve排气门8.exhaustgas废气四、Engineperformance发动机性能1.fixedthrottlecharacteristics速度特性2.partthrottlecharacteristics负荷特性3.enginespeed转速4.torque扭矩5.horsepower功率6.specific(特效药、详细的精确的)fuelconsumption燃油消耗率五.Crankconnectingrodmechanism曲柄连杆机构5.1Cylinderblock机体组1.cylinderblock汽缸体2.cylinderliner汽缸套3.cylinderbearingsurface汽缸套表面4.cylinderhead汽缸盖发动机PDF文件以FinePrintpdfFactoryPro试用版创建油底壳16.fuelpumpmountingflange燃油泵凸缘17.ignitiondistributormountingflange分电器凸缘18.camshaftbearingbushseat凸轮轴轴承座19.camshaftdrive(gear)cover凸轮轴驱动齿轮罩20.cylinderheadcovergasket汽缸盖罩衬垫5.2Piston,connectingrod活塞连杆组1.connectingrodshank连杆杆身2.connectingrodsmallend连杆小头3.connectingrodbushing连杆衬套4.springclip弹簧卡环5.pistonpin活塞销6.pistonhead活塞头部7.pistonringgroove活塞环槽8.compressionring压缩环9.oilscraperring油环10.pistonskirt活塞裙部11.pistonpinboss活塞销座12.connectingrodbearinghalfshell连杆轴瓦13.connectingrodcap连杆螺栓14.connectingrodcap连杆大头盖15.Connectingrodend连杆大头5.3Crankshaft,flywheel曲轴飞轮组1.crankshaftfrontend曲轴前端2.frontmainjournal前主轴颈3.oilpassagehole机油孔4.crankpin曲柄销5.crankweb曲柄臂6counterweight平衡重7crankshaftcollar曲轴后端凸缘8flywheel飞轮9flywheelgearring飞轮齿圈10flywheellockplate飞轮锁片11clutchshaftbearing离合器轴轴承12mainbearinghalfshell(upper,lower)主轴承(上、下)轴瓦13crankshaftthrusthalfring曲轴止推片14bearingtang轴瓦定位凸键六、Valvemechanism配气机构6.1Sidevalve侧置气门1camshaft凸轮轴2cam凸轮3tappet气门挺杆4sidevalve侧置气门5crankshafttiminggear曲轴正时齿轮6camshaftgear-wheel凸轮轴齿轮7geardrive齿轮传动6.2Overheadvalve顶置气门1camshaft凸轮轴2camfollower凸轮顶杆3pushrod推杆4adjuster调整螺钉5rockershaft摇臂轴6rockershaft摇臂7valvespring气门弹簧8valve气门9valve气道10combustionchamber燃烧室6.3Overheadvalve顶置气门1camshaftfrontbearing凸轮轴前轴承2valvehead气门头3valvestem气门杆4tappet挺筒5lowervalvespringcollar气门弹簧下环6outervalvespring外气门弹簧7valveguide气门导管8innervalvespring内气门弹簧9shieldingcap护帽10oilflinger油封11uppervalvespringcollar气门弹簧上环12valvesplitcone气门锁片13closer螺塞14rockershaft摇臂轴15rockerarm摇臂16rockerbracket摇臂支座17retainingwasher定位摇臂18thrustwasher止推摇臂19rockeradjustingscrew摇臂调整螺钉20pushrod推杆21camshaftrearbush凸轮轴后轴承22camshaft凸轮轴23camshaftcenterbush凸轮轴中间轴承承承承24cam凸轮25oilpumpdrivinggear机油泵驱动齿轮6.4Valve-timingdiagram配气相位图1TDC(topdeadcenter)上止点2BDC(bottomdeadcenter)下止点PDF文件以FinePrintpdfFactoryPro试用版创建旋转方向七、Gasolineengine-fuelsystem汽油机供油泵7.1Fuelsystem供油泵1fuellevelgauge油面指示表2aircleaner空气滤清器3carburetor化油器4inletmanifold进气歧管5exhaustmanifold排气歧管6fuelpump汽油泵7fuelfilter汽油滤清器8exhaustsilencer排气消声器9fuelpipe油管10fueltank汽油箱7.2Aircleaner空气滤清器1intaketube进气管2deflectorknob导流旋扭3airdeflector空气导流器4cleanerbody滤清器壳5butterflynut蝶形螺帽6filtercover滤清器盖7filtersealring滤清器密封环8cleanercartridge滤清器滤芯9silencerelement消声元件10crankcasebleedpipe曲轴箱通风管11hotairpipe热空气管7.3Fuelpump,fuelfilter汽油泵,汽油滤清器1fuelpumpbase汽油泵座2diaphragm膜片3fuelinletneck汽油进口4fuelpumpbody汽油泵壳5filterscreen滤清器网6bowlcover泵盖7fuelfeedport汽油出口8distancewasher调整间隔垫圈9diaphragmspring膜片弹簧10rockerarm摇臂11fulcrumpin杠杆支点销12fuelfilter汽油滤清器13filterbody滤清器壳14filtercartridge滤清器滤芯15glassbowl玻璃滤杯16bowlretainingclip滤杯支承夹7.4Simplecarburetor简单化油器1aircleaner空气滤清器2valveneedle针阀3float浮子4nozzle喷管5chocktube喉管6throttlevalve节气门7intakemanifold进气歧管8meteringjet量孔9floatchamber浮子室10intakevalve进气门7.5Carburetor化油器1down-draftcarburetor下喷式化油器2nozzle喷管3floatchamber浮子室4choketube喉管5throttlevalve节气门