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ICS29.240.99F20备案号：53939-2016准T/CEC221—2019高梯度及低残压金属氧化物电阻片通用技术标准Generaltechnicalstandardsforhighgradientandlowresidualvoltagenon-linearmetaloxideresistors2019-04-24发布2019-07-01实施中国电力企业联合会发布中国电力企业联合会标准高梯度及低残压金属氧化物电阻片通用技术标准T/CEC221—2019*中国电力出版社出版、发行（北京市东城区北京站西街19号100005）北京九天鸿程印刷有限公司印刷*2019年8月第一版2019年8月北京第一次印刷880毫米×1230毫米16开本1印张25千字*统一书号155198·1548定价15.00元版权专有侵权必究本书如有印装质量问题，我社营销中心负责退换T/CEC221—2019T/CEC221—2019I目次前言···································································································································································II1范围······························································································································································12规范性引用文件··········································································································································13术语和定义··················································································································································14标志及技术参数··········································································································································35标准额定值和使用条件·······························································································································36技术要求······················································································································································37试验要求······················································································································································58型式试验······················································································································································59例行试验、抽样试验和验收试验···············································································································7附录A（资料性附录）非线性伏安特性方程································································································9附录B（资料性附录）高梯度电阻片技术参数··························································································10附录C（规范性附录）包装、运输及保管··································································································11T/CEC221—2019II前言本标准在主要技术内容上参照IEC60099-4：2014《避雷器第4部分：交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器》和GB/T11032—2010《交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器》（IEC60099-4:2006，MOD）而制定。本标准按照GB/T1.1—2009《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准的结构和编写》给出的规则编写。本标准由中国电力企业联合会提出。本标准由电力行业过电压与绝缘配合标准化委员会（DL/TC38）归口。本标准起草单位：清华大学、西安西电避雷器有限责任公司。本标准主要起草人：何金良、胡军、孟鹏飞、谢清云、何计谋、邬锦波、蒙晓记、李刚。本标准为首次发布。本标准在执行过程中的意见或建议反馈至中国电力企业联合会标准化管理中心（北京市白广路二条一号，100761）。T/CEC221—20191高梯度及低残压金属氧化物电阻片通用技术标准1范围本标准规定了交流高梯度及低残压金属氧化物电阻片（以下简称电阻片）的标志及技术参数、标准额定值和使用条件、技术要求、试验要求、型式试验、例行试验、抽样试验和验收试验等。本标准适用于交流金属氧化物避雷器用高梯度及低残压金属氧化物电阻片。2规范性引用文件下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。GB/T191包装储运图示标志GB/T2900.12—2008电工术语避雷器、低压电涌保护器及元件GB/T11032—2010交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器GB/T16927.2高电压试验技术第2部分：测量系统IEC60099-4:2014交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器（SurgearrestersPart4:Metal-oxlidesurgearresterswithoutgapsfora.c.systems）3术语和定义GB/T2900.12—2008界定的以及下列定义和术语适用于本文件。3.1非线性伏安特性non-linearV-Icharacteristic电阻片在一定温度和一定电压范围内，在规定的电流波形下，流过电阻片的电流峰值与对应的电压峰值之间的关系表现为非线性（非欧姆特性），电导随电压的增加而迅速增大。非线性伏安特性可用数学公式表示，参见附录A。注1：除非另有规定，冲击伏安特性采用冲击电流波形为8/20μs。注2：改写GB/T2900.12—2008，定义2.54。3.2电压梯度voltagegradient电阻片单位厚度的直流参考电压值，简称梯度，单位：V/mm。3.3高梯度电阻片highvoltage-gradientresistor在直流参考电流下，梯度不小于300V/mm的电阻片。3.4老化系数voltagedegradationcoefficient在规定的电压、温度和试验时间的条件下进行加速老化试验，电阻片试验后功耗与试验前功耗的比值。在IEC60099-4:2014电阻片加速老化试验称为持续运行电压下长时稳定性试验，见IEC60099-4:2014中6.8。T/CEC221—201923.5标称放电电流nominaldischargecurrent划分电阻片等级、具有8/20μs波形的雷电冲击电流峰值。3.6重复转移电荷额定值repetitivechargetransferrating规定的电阻片最大电荷转移能力，可由单一事件或一组电涌波产生，通过转移，并且不会引起金属氧化物电阻片的损坏或不可接受的电气性能劣化。注：电荷量计算采用电流对时间的积分值。由持续时间不超过2s的单一事件或一组电涌波累积的电荷量，随后的事件时间间隔不低于60s。3.7操作冲击电流switchingcurrentimpulse视在波前时间大于30μs但小于100μs，视在波尾半峰值时间约为视在波前时间2倍的放电电流峰值。划分电阻片等级、具有8/20μs波形的雷电冲击电流峰值。3.8陡波冲击电流steepcurrentimpulse视在波前时间为1μs的冲击电流。因设备调整的限制，实测值为0.9μs～1.1μs。视在波尾半峰值时间不应大于20μs。3.9直流参考电流DCreferencecurrent确定电阻片直流参考电压的直流电流平均值。注：电阻片直流参考电流通常取1mA～2mA。3.10直流参考电压DCreferencevoltage在通过直流参考电流时测出的电阻片的直流电压平均值。如果电压与极性有关，取低值。3.11残压residualvoltage放电电流通过电阻片时的最大电压峰值。电阻片残压包含雷电冲击电流下残压、操作冲击电流下残压和陡波冲击电流下残压。3.12低残压电阻片lowresidualvoltageresistor在相同冲击电流下，低残压电阻较通常电阻片压比低5%。3.13型式试验typetests/designtests完成新电阻片开发、配方有调整时的试验，确定代表性的性能，并证明符合有关标准。3.14例行试验routinetests按要求对每只电阻片的试验，保证电阻片符合要求。3.15验收试验acceptancetests对订购电阻片的验证性试验。3.16抽样试验sampletests对电阻片，按批次以一定比例抽取试品抽样检查控制电阻片质量的试验。T/CEC221—201934标志及技术参数4.1电阻片标志电阻片标志应永久标记在电阻片端面电极上，并应包括下列内容：a）生产厂商标或标志；b）电阻片编码；c）直流参考电压；d）标称电流下的残压。注：可采用数字、条形码或二维码形式。4.2电阻片技术参数电阻片技术参数的确定可参见附录B。5标准额定值和使用条件5.1标准额定频率标准额定频率应为50Hz或60Hz。5.2标准标称放电电流标准8/20μs标称放电电流应为20kA，10kA，5kA，2.5kA、1.5kA。5.3运行条件5.3.1正常运行条件电阻片在下列运行条件下应正常工作：a）避雷器环境温度－40℃～＋40℃，电阻片工作温度不超过60℃；b）交流电源的频率不低于48Hz，不超过62Hz；c）长期施加在电阻片上的电压不应超过宣称荷电率。5.3.2异常运行条件不符合正常使用条件时，本标准的使用应经供需双方协商。6技术要求6.1外观及尺寸6.1.1外观两端面电极应无缺损、起皮现象，侧面绝缘层（侧面釉）应均匀，颜色应无明显色差。碰损在一定范围内对电阻片性能应无不利影响，制造厂应给出碰损控制标准。注：碰损的控制要求可由供需双方协商确定。6.1.