2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-名词性从句1.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvious______theproblemitselfis.(xx·湖南卷31)A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why【解析】选A。空白处后句子缺表语。因此不能选B。B中的that只起引导作用,无实意。而该句选what既起了引导作用,又作了句子成分表语。2.Itisstillunderdiscussion______theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.(xx·重庆卷22)A.whetherB.whenC.whichD.where【解析】选A。该句中it作形式主语,真正的主语是由whether…ornot引导的从句。句意:是否这个旧车站该由现代宾馆取代还在讨论中。考点1.名词性从句的种类及连接词Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor______Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how【解析】选C。what引导的宾语从句作for的宾语,what在从句中作am的表语。名词性从句具有名词的功能,分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。它由以下三种连接词引导:1.连词:that,whether,if。2.连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what等。3.连接副词:when,where,why,how等Keepinmind______youwantotherstorespectyou,youmustrespectothersfirst.A.thatwhenB.thatifC.ifwhenD.whenif【解析】选B。that引导一个宾语从句,宾语从句中又有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。1.that引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。2.that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省,引导宾语从句时常可省。但是,and连接两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,第二个that不可省。3.that从句一般不作介词的宾语。但:inthat“因为”,except/butthat“除了”例外。考点3.whether,if的用法It'sreportedthatPakistanisconsidering______tocontinueitsinformationcooperationwiththeUSbecausetheUSdidn'tinformtheminadvancebeforetheytookactiontokillBinLaden.(xx·成都七中高三最后一套模拟卷)A.whatB.howC.whetherD.if【解析】选C。在whether后只能用不定式或后接ornot,不能接if,即whethertodo或whetherornot。whether,if引导名词性从句时,表示“是否”,不在从句中作任何成分,二者常可通用,但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引导主语从句。(2)引导表语从句。(3)引导同位语从句。(4)在动词discuss之后。(5)在介词之后。(6)后面紧跟ornot。(7)动词不定式前。考点4.名词性从句的语序Ireallywonder______willstopJapanfromitsannualwhalehuntintheAntarctic.(山西太原五中xx—xx第二学期月考4月)A.thatitiswhatB.whatitisthatC.whatisitthatD.thatisitwhat【解析】选B。空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句,强调what。宾语从句要采用陈述语序。名词性从句用陈述语序,为:连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。即主谓不倒装。考点5.what与that引导名词性从句的区别例1:Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.(xx·重庆卷34)A.WhoseB.whatC.whichD.that【解析】选B。空白处作动词see的宾语。宾语从句按顺序为anewinventioncanbeofwhatusetohumanlife,疑问词what前置。因此选B。例2:Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.(xx·天津卷13)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where【解析】选C。that引导词作名词evidence的同位语从句引导词。该词只起引导作用,无实义,不可省略。1.在名词性从句中,that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,本身也没有词义,即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that.2.that在从句中作主语时通常用it作形式主语,而将that从句置于句末作真正的主语。但what不能用it作形式主语。3.that可引导同位语从句,但what不能。考点6.由reason作主语时,表语从句的连接词Thereasonwhyhecan'tgotoschoolis______heisill.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.which【解析】选C。reason作主语时,其后的表语从句一般用连词that。reason作主语时,表语从句所用连词为that,一般不用because或why等。考点7.that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别例1:______wasknowntoallthatWilliamhadbrokenhispromise______hewouldneverplayputergamesagain.(xx·湖南雅礼中学高三第8次月考卷)A.As;whichB.As;thatC.It;thatD.What;that【解析】选C。it作形式主语,第一个that后引导从句作真正主语。名词promise后接that引导的同位语从句。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。例2:Helpingothersisahabit,one______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(xx·山东卷改编)A.itB.thatC.whatD.who【解析】选B。one是ahabit的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词,后用which或that作定语从句动词learn的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。that引导同位语从句时,that在从句中不作成分(一般不省),且不可用which来取代;that引导定语从句时,that须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省),且常可用which来取代。()1.Whydon’tyoubring________tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?A.thisB.thatC.itD.what()2.Thefact________hedidn’tseeLaoLiyesterdayistrue.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what()3.Thebooklooks________ithadbeenoutintherain.A.thatB.whetherC.asthoughD.what()4.Ihavenoidea________hewilleback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that()5.________theoldman’ssonswantedtoknowwas________thegoldhadbeenhidden.A.That;whatB.What;whereC.What;thatD.What;if()6.Noonecantell________willhappennext.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which()7.You’reresponsibleto________isinchargeofsales.A.whomB.whoC.whoeverD.whomever()8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever()13.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis________mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousillnesssoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why()14.Ourhometownisquitedifferentfrom________before.A.thatitwasB.whatitwasC.whichitwasD.whenitwas()15.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Goandsee________.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis()16.________surprisedusverymuchthatTomshouldhaveleftwithoutaword.A.heB.ItC.ThisD.That()17.Somecollegestudentsareseendoing________worktheycanfindtosupportthemselves.A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat()18.Thingswerenot________theyhadbeenbefore.A.asB.becauseC.thatD.when()19.After________seemedanendlesseffort,thepatientwasfinallyabletocarryout________seemedaperfectlynormalwalk.A.what;whatB.that;thatC.it;thatD.which;like()20.Hewasill.Thatis________hedidn’teyesterday.A.whenB.whyC.howD.that参考答案1.Cit是形式宾语,真正的宾语是由that引导的从句。2.B同位语从句说明fact的具体内容,用that引导,不能省略。that只起连词作用,不作句子成分。3.Casthough/asif引导表语从句,意为“好像”。4.B用when引导同位语从句,表示将回来的时间,A、C、D三项均与题意不符。5.B第一空格考查what引导主语从句且在主语从句中作宾语;第二空格考查where引导的表语从句,指地点。9.CAistoBwhatCistoD意为“A与B的关系就等于C与D的关系”。又如:Airistomanwhatwateristofish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。10.Cwhose在宾语从句中作表语。11.A考查when引导的宾语从句。句意:我记得曾经这家工厂只有一个小车间和两台机器,只有when指时间。12.B从句中谓语动词do已有宾语more,可排除A和D;在介词之后要用whether而不用if引导宾语从句,所以选B。13.Cwhether引导表语从句,意为“是否”。句意:医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈是否能很快从疾病中复原。14.Bwhat引导的从句作介词的宾语,并在从句中作表语,而that,when则不能。15.D宾语从句用陈述语序,故可排除A项和C项;it可指未知的人或事物。故答案为D。16.Bit作形式主语,引导主语从句,this,that不能作形式主语。17.Cwhatever引导名词性从句,在从句中修饰work,意为:“无论什么工作”,符合题意。而nomatterwhat只能引导让步状语从句。18.Aas引导表语从句。表示“正如,像……那样子”。19.Aafter表示“在……之后”与时