1第六章词义与修辞TranslationofFiguresofSpeech课堂互动1:考考你,看谁能译出歧义和双关?(参考译文)1.Hewenttoseetheartisthimself.【译文一】他亲自去看画家。(himself是he的同位语。)【译文二】他去看画家本人。(himself是theartist的同位语。)2.Heiscapableofdoinganything.【译文一】他什么事情都会干。(指“能干”)【译文二】他是什么事情都能干出来的。(指“亡命之徒”)3.Flyingplanesisdangerous.(动名词)【译文一】驾驶飞机是危险的。Flyingplanesaredangerous.(分词)【译文二】正在飞行的飞机是危险的。4.Brucewaswritingapoemonanancienttombstone.【译文一】布鲁斯正在一块古代的墓碑上写诗。【译文二】布鲁斯正在写一首关于古代墓碑的诗。(on作“关于”讲)5.Idecidedontheboat.【译文一】我选定了这只船。【译文二】我在船上做出了决定。6.Shedidn’tdothattopleasehermother.【译文一】为使她母亲高兴,她没有做那事。(=Shedidn’tdothatinordertopleasehermother.)【译文二】她做那事并不是为了使她母亲高兴。(=Shedidthatnottopleasehermother.)7.Ididn’tgobecauseIwasafraid.【译文一】我没去,因为我怕。(没去)【译文二】我不是因为怕才去的。(去了)8.Ididn’twritetheletterbecauseofwhatyoutoldme.【译文一】由于你跟我讲了,所以我没有写那封信。(没写)【译文二】并不是因为你跟我说了,我才写那封信。(写了)9.Theycanfish.【译文一】他们会钓鱼。【译文二】他们把鱼装进罐头。10.Theyarevisitingfriends.【译文一】他们是来访的朋友。【译文二】他们在访问朋友。课堂互动2:考考你,看谁能译出矛盾修辞格?(参考译文)1.lovinghate【译文】爱恨之情2.carefulcarelessness【译文】小心翼翼而又漫不经心23.painfulpleasure【译文】悲喜交加4.BadGoodNews(Time)【译文】不好的好消息5.Ilikeasmuggler.Heistheonlyhonestthief.(Lamb)【译文】我喜欢走私者,他是惟一诚实的小偷。6.Ilikesweet-sourapricots.【译文】我爱吃甜中带酸的杏子。7.Theyhadalove-haterelationship.【译文】他们保持着一种爱恨关系。8.Itisamateroflifeanddeath.【译文】这是个生死攸关的大问题。课堂互动3:运用夸张手法翻译句子(参考译文)1.Hesatperfectlyquietly,andneverspokeasyllable.【译文】他静静地坐着,一言不发。2.Yes,youngmen,Italyowestoyouanundertakingwhichhasmeritedtheapplauseoftheuniverse.【译文】是的,年轻人,意大利由于有了你们,才得以成就这撼世的伟业。3.Iwouldratherbeapoormaninagarretwithplentyofgoodbookstoreadthanakingwhodidnotlovereading.【译文】我宁愿当个穷人,住在阁楼里,有许多好书可读,也不愿当个不爱读书的帝王。4.MyfirstlookwasfortheSchooner.Shehaddisappeared,andIsupposedshewasjustsettlingunderwater.ItrainedasifthefloodofHeavenwereopened,anditlightenedawfully.Icouldhearmanymenaroundme,and,occasionally,Isawtheheadsofmenstrugglinginthelake.(CollegeCoreEnglish,B.III)【译文】我首先要找的是那条纵帆船。她已经不见了,估计她正在水中下沉。雨倾盆而下,犹如天上的水闸打开了,电光霍霍,令人畏惧。我可以听到自己周围有很多人,偶尔还看见湖面上挣扎的人头。5.Mrs.Clarkisdying,sheliesmotionless:theheadseemsunusuallylargeonaskeletonbody;theskinisdarkyellowandhangslooselyaroundexaggeratedbonesthatnotevenablanketcanhide;therightarmliesstraightoutattheside,tapedcruellytoaboardtosecureaneedlesothatfluidmaydripin;theleftarmisacrossthesunkenchest,whichrisesandfallswiththeunevenbreaths.(NewHorizonCollegeEnglish,BIII)【译文】克拉克夫人已经奄奄一息了。她一动不动地躺着:骨瘦如柴,头显得格外大;暗黄色的皮肤松松地裹在那嶙峋的身体上,就连毛毯也遮掩不住这种消瘦;她的右臂平伸在床边,被胶带无情地固定在一块板子上,以便能固定针头顺利输液;左臂横放在深陷的胸部,胸口随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。课堂互动4:运用类比手法翻译下列句子(参考译文)1.Thereisalwaysamarketforgoodideas.【译文】好想法总是能找到市场的。2.Judiciouspraiseistochildrenwhatthesunistoflowers.【译文】明智的赞扬对于孩子的作用,就像阳光对于花朵的作用一样。3.AllthatIhadtoshow,asamanofletters,werethesefewtalesandessays,whichhad3blossomedoutlikeflowersinthecalmsummerofmyheartandmind.【译文】作为一个作家,我所能奉献的只有这几篇故事和散文,它们像我心头温和的夏天灿烂开放着的花朵。4.Intellectualassimilationtakestime.Themindisnottobeenrichedasacoalbargeisloaded.Whateverispreciousinacargoiscarefullyonboardandcarefullyplaced.Whateverisdelicateandfinemustbereceiveddelicately,anditsplaceinthemindthoughtfullyassigned.(ArloBates)【译文】吸收知识要从从容容,不能像驳船装煤那样来填塞大脑。我们应小心地把珍贵的货物搬上船,并谨慎地放置好。吸取精华时必须敏感,而且要在头脑中加以周密安排。课堂互动5:根据逻辑关系翻译下列句子(参考译文)1.Heislyingonhisside.【译文】他侧身躺着。2.Athingofbeautyisajoyforever.【译文】美丽的东西永远令人快乐。3.AsmilewouldcomeintoMrPickwick’sface,thesmileextendedintoalaugh,thelaughintoaroar,andtheroarbecamegeneral.(CharlesDickens:PickwickPapers)【译文】于是匹克威克先生的脸上就会浮现一丝微笑,微笑逐渐变成大笑,大笑变成狂笑,狂笑勾起一阵哄堂大笑。4.Whilehumancloningmightnotoffergreatbenefitstohumanity,noonehasyetmadeaconvincingcasethatitwoulddoanyrealharm,either.【译文】虽然克隆人类可能不会给人类带来很大的好处,但也没有人能够提供有力的例证,证明他会带来真正的危害。5.Afterhersixyears’stayundermycare,IhavethehonourandhappinessofpresentingMissAmeliaSedleytoherparentsasayoungladyworthyofoccupyingapositioninwell-bredsociety.【译文】爱米丽亚·赛德里小姐在我校修业六年,现已结业。在她返家之际,我以无比欣喜的心情荣幸地告知赛德里先生与夫人,令嫒已成为一个有教养的姑娘,足以在上流社会占据一席之地。课堂互动6:运用重复手法翻译下列句子(参考译文)1.Iwanttotalktoyouaboutthefuture,aboutourfuturetogether.【译文】我想和你们谈谈未来,谈谈我们共同的未来。2.ThesignsofChina’sinfluenceandsuccessaboundAmerica.(Reagon)【译文】中国的影响,中国的成就,在美国到处可见3.Thelawshouldmeetwithyourapprovalbecauseitissimple,becauseitisenforceable,andbecauseitisjust.【译文】你应该批准这个法律,因为它是简单的,还因为它是可实施的,更因为它是正义的。4.Itisgravitationthatcausestheappletofall.Itisgravitationthatmakesthingshaveweight.Itisgravitationthatkeepsallthingsintheirproperplaces.【译文】是引力使苹果落地,是引力使物体具有重量,是引力使所有物体保持在它们适当的地方。5.Toeverythingthereisaseason,andatimetoeverypurposeundertheheaven:Atimetobeborn,andatimetodie;atimetoplant,andatimetopluckupthatwhichisplanted;Atimetokill,andatimetoheal;atimetobreakdown,andatimetobuildup;Atimetoweep,andatimetolaugh;atimetomourn,andatimetodance;Atimetocastawaystones,andatimetogather4stonestogether;atimetoembrace,andatimetorefrainfromembracing;Atimetoget,andatimetolose;atimetokeep,andatimetocastaway;Atimetorend,andatimetosew;atimetokeepsilence,andatimetospeak;Atimetolove,andatimetohate;atimeofwar,andatimeofpeace.(HolyBible,Ecclesiastes)【译文】凡事都有定期,天下万物都有定时。生有时,死有时;栽种有时,拔出所栽种的也有时;杀戮有时,医治有时。拆毁有时,建造有时;哭有时,笑有时;哀恸有时,跳舞有时;抛掷石头有时,堆聚石头有时;怀抱有时,不怀抱有时;寻找有时,失落有时;保守有时,舍弃有时;撕裂有时,缝补有时;静默有时,言语有时;喜爱有时,恨恶有时;争战有时,和好有时。(《新旧约全书》)课堂互动7:运用平行排列手法翻译下列句子(参