英语基本句型分析及练习

石泉中学尹增香1.Theyworkhard.主+谓(S+V)2.Theflowerisbeautiful.主+系+表(S+V+p)3.Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.主+谓+宾(S+V+O)4.Hegavemesomeusefuladvice.主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+DO)5.KarlMarxmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+OC)6.Therebe+主语Thereisaholeinthewall.I.Whatarethebasicsentencepatterns?英语六种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+DＯ基本句型五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+OＣ基本句型六：Therebe结构II.Whyisitsoimportant?英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，都可以归纳成六种基本句型及其扩大、组合(体现在各种从句中)、省略或倒装。掌握这六种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础,是说出及写出正确英语句子和理解阅读中长难句的关键，它对学习非谓语动词也起着至关重要的作用。III.1.基本句型一（Ｓ+V）（1）.Time（2）.Themoon（3）.Everybody（4.Thestrangerfliesquickly.roseslowly.laughedhappily.talkedforhalfanhour.Whatarethecharacteristicsofthissentencepattern？此句型句子的谓语动词都是动词，都能表达完整的意思，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等，但直接跟sb/sth做宾语，故被动语态，所以在做定语或状语时要使用不及物vi不能（能/不能）没有（现在分词/过去分词）现在分词yesterdayevening.twohours.inthepasttenyears.in1919.1．她昨天回家很晚。2．会议将持续两个小时。3．在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。4．1919年，（在）北京爆发了“五.四”运动。ShewenthomeverylateThemeetingwilllastGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownTheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijing基础巩固练习：inthemorning.toborrowbooks.tothesouth.fiveyearsago.fivekilos.everyday.5．每天八时开始上课。6．这个盒子重五公斤。7．五年前我住在北京。8．秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。9．我的爷爷早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。ClassesbeginateightThisboxweighsIlivedinBeijingsomebirdsflyInautumn,MygrandfathergetsupearlyalotofstudentscomeEveryafternoontothelibrary改错：1.Hesuddenlyrealizedthatnothinghadbeenhappened.2.Theflyingarrowswerelookedlikerain.3.OilpriceshavebeenrisensharplysincelastApril.4.Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingtheticket。填空：5.Igaveherthe________(remain)money.6._______(hurry)toBlustering’shome,Grandinapologizedtohim.高考能力接轨Practicemakesperfect.forremainingHurrying(主语+Vi不及物动词)扩展和修饰7.Theboyspoke.8.Theboyspoke9.Theboyspokeloudly___histeacher.10.ThelittleboyTomspokeloudlytohisEnglishteacher.11.ThelittleboynamedTomspokeloudlytohisEnglishteacherloudly(loud).named(name)（以一种粗鲁的方式）.inarudemannerto英语基本句型-1主谓结构本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesattherealone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.基本句型二.Ｓ+Ｖ（是系动词）+Ｐ(表语)1.This2.Thedinner3.Everything4.He5.Theweather6.Hisfaceissmells(闻)looksisbecameturnedanEnglishdictionary.good.different.tallandstrong.warmer.red.Whatarethecharacteristicsofthissentencepattern？此句型句子的动词都____能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的_____构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思，这种动词被叫做_______，系动词也无____语态，故用作定语或状语时也应用_____分词。不表语系动词被动现在主系表结构中的系动词表示的是主语的本结构是由特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:11.表示特征和存在状态的be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound等;22.表示状态延续的remain,stay,keep等;3.3.表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow等;基础巩固练习1今天我感觉不太舒服。2他看上去很累。3你的汤味道很好。4她似乎对计划不感兴趣。Idon’tfeelverywelltoday.Helooksverytired.Yoursouptastesverygood.Shedoesn’tseemveryinterestedintheplan.1.填空：Thebossgot______(anger),seeingthescene.2.Pleaseremain________(seat)beforetheplanelandssafely.3.改错：ThefolwerssmellingwellhadbeenpickedbyPeter.4.Tastedgoodenough,thefoodwassoldoutverysoon.高考能力接轨Practicemakesperfect.angryseatedgood_______Tasting_______ＳＶ（实义动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He4.He5.They6.Jenny7.I8.Heknowslaughsatunderstandsmadeatelikeswantsaidtheanswer?her.English.cakes.someapples.singing.tohaveacupoftea.Goodmorning.基本句型三：S+V+O基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语sb/sth，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整,这类动词叫做及物动词,及物动词有被动语态，做定语或状语时要根据情况选用现在分词或过去分词。4我十分欣赏你们的表演。5顾客要求退款。6这会造成错误的印象。7我们总是交换圣诞节礼物的。Ienjoyedeveryminuteofyourperformance.Thecustomerdemandedarefund.WealwaysexchangeChristmasgifts.Thatwillcreateawrongimpression.1.填空：Thenalltheballoons_____________(collect)andputinanotherroom.2.Lateintheafternoon,ayoungmancamealong.________(see)thestone,hesaid,........3.Theboyhates__________(laugh)at.4.改错：Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.5.Itshortensthetimespendingonthejourney.高考能力接轨Practicemakesperfect.werecollectedSeeingbeinglaughed______having_______spent1.She2.She3.He4.He5.I6.I7.Ipassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldhimherhusbandyouherhimhimanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.基本句型四：S+V+IO+DO此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者（sth），另一个是动作的间接承受者(sb)。通常当sb在sth前时，不用介词，但若sth在sb前则需加上相应的介词。基础巩固练习1她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。2我去给你沏点新鲜茶。3这会省去你很多麻烦。4请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。ShesangusanEnglishsong.I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.Thatwillsaveyoualotoftrouble.Pleasefetchmetoday’spaper.1.填空：Myhusbandboughtabike_____meinsteadofacar.2.Pleasesendtheflowers_____thegirlwhoselegsweebadlyinjured.3.Ittakesteachers_______(patient)toteachthenaughtyboys.4.改错：Ishowedtohimmyamzingpictures.5.Thesolarcell’shardlynoticeableanditsavesourmoneyontheelectricbill.高考能力接轨Practicemakesperfect.fortopatience____usＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（宾语）OＣ（宾补）1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ikeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsawthetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+OＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动