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16级词汇辨析◣词语大辨析◥-§①abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的放弃之意abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsakeone'swifeandchildren遗弃妻儿;forsakebadhabits摈弃坏习惯quit指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指停止eg.quitwork停止工作Exercises(choosethebestanswer&translateeverysentence):1.Hispresenceofmindnever__him.A.desertedB.leftC.lostD.quit2.Despitesomedifficulties,they'renotgoingto__theplan.A.abandonB.desertC.forsakeD.quit3.__itout!A.ForsakeB.QuitC.GiveupD.Desert4.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerhas__thetheaterforpolitics.A.desertedB.forsookC.quitD.exchanged1.Hispresenceofmindneverdesertedhim.他从不失去镇静.2.Despitesomedifficulties,they'renotgoingtoabandontheplan.尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.3.Quititout!住嘴./住手.4.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerhasforsookthetheaterforpolitics.阿诺德•施瓦辛格弃艺从政了◣词语大辨析◥-§②accessory，decoration，ornament都含有一定的装饰品之意accessory[常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)Garnish配菜1.Thehallis___withflowersandflags.A.fullB.filledC.garnishedD.decorated2.TheChristmastreewasdecoratedwithshinning___suchascoloredlightsandglassballs.A.ornamentsB.luxuriesC.exhibitsD.complements3.Sheworeagreenwoolsuitwithmatching___.A.decorationsB.ornamentC.accessoriesD.appendix4.Canyouhelpmeto___afishwithslicesoflemon.A.addB.garnishC.decorateD.ornament1.Thehallisdecoratedwithflowersandflags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament替换.)22.TheChristmastreewasdecoratedwithshinningornamentssuchascoloredlightsandglassballs.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.3.Sheworeagreenwoolsuitwithmatchingaccessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.4.Canyouhelpmetogarnishafishwithslicesoflemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?(garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等)◣词语大辨析◥-§③:accomplish，complete，end，finish都含有完成之意accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止1.Wetriedtosettletheargumentbut___nothing.A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished2.Thetermwill___earlyinJuly.A.accomplishB.completeC.endD.finish3.Thebuildingwas___in1962..A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished4.Whenwilltheworkbe___.A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished5.比较:Ihavefinishedthebook.和Ihavecompletedabook.分别释为何意呢?1.Wetriedtosettletheargumentbutaccomplishednothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.2.ThetermwillendearlyinJuly.学期将在七月初结束.3.Thebuildingwasfinishedin1962.大厦建成于1962年.4.Whenwilltheworkbecompleted.工作什么时候完结?5.Ihavefinishedthebook.我读完了那本书.Ihavecompletedabook.我写完了一本书.◤词语大辨析◢-§.④accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的正确,精确之意accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate精美、精细的、雅致的exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带吹毛求疵的贬义1.Hispaintingisa/an___copyoftheoriginal.A.exactB.preciseC.correctD.accurate2.Lasertechnologyhasenhancedthe___ofmanysurgicalprocedures.3A.detailB.costC.exactionD.precision3.Wehopetobecomemore___inpredictingearthquakes.A.exactB.correctC.preciseD.accurate4.It’sthe___thingtodo.A.accurateB.preciseC.exactD.correct5.Oneofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butaftera___operation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.A.preciseB.delicateC.considerateD.exact1.Hispaintingisa/anexactcopyoftheoriginal.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.2.Lasertechnologyhasenhancedtheprecisionofmanysurgicalprocedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.3.Wehopetobecomemoreaccurateinpredictingearthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(beaccuratein…在…方面很精确)4.It`sthecorrectthingtodo.正应如此.5.Oneofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butafteradelicateoperation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的指控,控告之意accuse:Accusesb.ofdoingsth.为…指责某人,控告某人charge:chargesb.withdoingsth.指控某人…indict:具体用法见练习3、4、5句1.Thesoldierwas___ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punished2.He___mewithnegligenceofduty.A.accusedB.blamedC.chargedD.indicted3.Thepolice___himasarioter.A.indictedB.accusedC.chargedD.punished4.Hiscompany___himforsabotage.A.accusedB.indictedC.blamedD.charged5.Hewas___onachargeofmurder.A.accusedB.chargedC.punishedD.indicted1.Thesoldierwasaccusedofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.2.Hechargedmewithnegligenceofduty.他指控我玩忽职守.3.Thepoliceindictedhimasarioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(Indictsb.as…指控某人为…)4.Hiscompanyindictedhimforsabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indictsbforsth.告发某人…)5.Hewasindictedonachargeofmurder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb.beindictedonachargeof…因犯…被告发)4◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的获得,达到之意achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西1.Aftersomanyyearsofhardwork,hefinally___success.A.obtainedB.acquiredC.achievedD.gained2.Shehas___someveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.A.obtainedB.gainedC.attainedD.acquired3.Intyphoon,winds___aspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble4.Inthesecondexperimentthey___averyclearresult.A.obtainedB.acquiredC.wonD.attained5.No___withoutpains.A.obtainsB.gainsC.attainsD.acquires6.She___agoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.A.achievedB.attainedC.acquiredD.gained1.Afte