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一、美国美标管件标准美国标准ASME/ANSIB16.9工厂制造的锻钢对焊管件ASME/ANSIB16.11承插焊和螺纹锻造管件ASME/ANSIB16.28钢制对焊小半径弯头和回头弯ASMEB16.5管法兰和法兰配件MSSSP-43锻制不锈钢对焊管件MSSSP-83承插焊和螺纹活接头MSSSP-97承插焊、螺纹和对焊端的整体加强式管座二、垫片Gasket(GSKT)垫片的型式typeofgasket平垫片flatgasket环形平垫片flatringgasket平金属垫片flatmetalgasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomerwithcottonfabricinsertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertionandwithwirereinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片nongraphitedcompressedwhiteasbestosgasket天然白橡胶垫片naturalwhiterubbergasket压缩石棉垫片compressedasbestosclassgasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFEimpregnatedasbestosgasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-woundmetalgasketwithasbestosfiller内环innerring外环，外定位环outerring波纹金属垫片corrugatedmetalgasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugatedmetalgasketwithasbestosinserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugatedmetaldoublejacketedasbestosfilledgasket双夹套垫片doublejacketedgasket金属包石棉平垫片flatmetaljacketedasbestosfilledgasket整体金属齿形垫片solidmetalserratedgasket槽形金属垫片groovedmetalgasket环形连接金属垫片ringjointmetalgasket八角环形垫片octagonalringgasket椭圆环形垫片ovalringgasket透镜式垫片lensgasket非金属垫片non-metallicgasket三、各种法兰管件中英文对照表法兰Flange(FLG）整体管法兰integralpipeflange钢管法兰steelpipeflange螺纹法兰threadedflange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-onflange(SO);slip-onweldingflange承插焊法兰socketweldingflange松套法兰lapjointflange(LJF)对焊法兰weldingneckflange(WNF)法兰盖blindflange,blind孔板法兰orificeflange异径法兰reducingflange盘座式法兰padtypeflange松套带颈法兰loosehubbedflange焊接板式法兰weldingplateflange对焊环weldingneckcollar（与stubend相似）平焊环welding-oncollar突缘短节stubend,lap翻边端lappedpipeend松套板式法兰looseplateflange压力级pressurerating,pressureratingclass压力—温度等级pressure-temperaturerating法兰密封面，法兰面flangefacing突面raisedface(RF)凸面maleface(MF)凹面femaleface(FMF)榫面tongueface槽面grooveface环连接面ringjointface全平面；满平面flatface;fullface(FF)光滑突面smoothraisedface(SRF)法兰面加工facingfinish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根rootmeansquare(RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmeticalaverageroughnessheight(AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆boltcircle(B.C.)四管道特殊件PipingSpecialty1.7.1管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporarystrainer(conetype)y型粗滤器y-typestrainerT型粗滤器T-typestrainer永久过滤器permanentfilter丝网粗滤器gauzestrainer洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower视镜sightglass阻火器flamearrester喷嘴；喷头spraynozzle取样冷却器samplecooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansionjoint波纹膨胀节bellowexpansionjoint单波singlebellow双波doublebellow多波multiplebellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressurebalancedexpansion带铰链膨胀节hingedexpansionjoint轴向位移型膨胀节axialmovementtypeexpansionjoint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizingexpansionjoint带接杆膨胀节tiedexpansionjoint万向型膨胀节universaltypeexpansionjoint球形补偿器balltypeexpansionjoint填函式补偿器sliptype(packedtype)expansionjoint单向滑动填料函补偿器singleactionpackedslipjoint1.7.2管道特殊元件PipingSpecialElement软管接头hoseconnection(HC)快速接头quickcoupling金属软管metalhose橡胶管rubberhose挠性管flexibletube鞍形补强板reinforcingsaddles补强板reinforcementpad特殊法兰specialflange漏斗funnel排液环dripring排液漏斗drainfunnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacleblind;figure8blind限流孔板restrictionorifice爆破片rupturedisk法兰盖贴面protectivedisc费托立克接头victauliccoupling1.8端部连接EndConnection法兰端flangedend坡口端beveledend(BE)对焊端buttweldedend平端plainend(PE)承插焊端socketweldingend螺纹端threadedend(TE)承口bellend焊接端weldingend法兰连接（接头）flangedjoint对焊连接（接头）buttweldedjoint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threadedjoint,pipethreadedjoint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-weldedtaperpipethreadedjoint承插焊连接（接头）socketweldedjoint承插连接（接头）bellandspigotjoint环垫接头ringjoint(RJ)万向接头universaljoint软钎焊连接（接头）solderedjoint搭接接头，松套连接lappedjoint外侧厚度切斜角bevelforoutsidethickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevelforinsidethickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevelforcombinedthickness法兰式的flanged(FLGD)对焊的buttwelded(BW)螺纹的threaded(THD)承插焊的socketwelded(SW)小端为平的smallendplain(SEP)大端为平的largeendplain(LEP)两端平bothendsplain(BEP)小端带螺纹smallendthread(SET)大端带螺纹largeendthread(LET)两端带螺纹bothendthread(BET)一端带螺纹oneendthread(OET)支管连接branchconnection焊接支管branchpipeweldeddirectlytotherunpipe五、管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducingelbow带支座弯头baseelbowk半径弯头longradiuselbow短半径弯头shortradiuselbow长半径180°弯头longradiusreturn短半径180°弯头shortradiusreturn带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）sideoutletelbow(righthandorlefthand)双支管弯头（形）doublebranchelbow三通tee异径三通reducingtee等径三通straighttee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）sideoutlettee(righthandor1efthand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducingtee(reducingonoutlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducingtee(reducingononerun)带支座三通basetee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducingtee(reducingononerunandoutlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducingtee(reducingonbothruns,bullhead)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral(reducingonbranch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径)45°lateral(reducingononerun)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径)45°lateral(reducingononerunandbranch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true“Y”四通cross等径四通straightcross异径四通reducingcross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononeoutlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononerunandoutlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingonbothoutlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononerunandbothoutlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentricreducer偏心异径管eccentricreducer锻制异径管reducingswage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling,fullcoupling半管接头halfcoupling异径管接头reducingcoupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap(C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducingnipple;swagenipple1.3弯管Bend预制弯管fabricatedpipebend跨越弯管（^形）cross-overbend偏置弯管（~形）offsetbend90°弯管quarterbend环形弯管cirelebend单侧偏置90°弯管（?形）singleoffsetquarterbe