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什么是定语?用来修饰名词或代词的单词、短语或句子。1.What’syourname,please?2.Wehavesevenlessonsaday.3.Theblackpenishers.4.Peopletherelikesports.5.ShelikesorangesimportedfromtheUSA.6.Haveyouseenthebookonthedesk?7.Theboyplayingoverthereismybrother.指出下列句子中的定语1.IlovedthelessonsthathegaveinEnglishliterature.2.AllmyclassmateswerefondofthecakethatImade.3.IntheArtclassthatItook,Imadeasmallsculpture.什么是定语从句？•在英语中,修饰或限制一个名词或代词的从句就叫定语从句。相关概念：•先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。•关系词：连接定语从句和主句，并在定语从句中代替先行词充当成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语以及状语）的词。Intheattributiveclausestherelativewordsusuallyfunctionasthe:subject,object,predicative,attribute,adverbial.FunctionsThetreesarebehindtheofficebuilding.Theyhavelosttheirleaves.SubjectThetreeswhicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.ObjectJackusedtobealazyboy.Heisnolongeralazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.PredicativeShehasabrother.Ican’trememberhisname.ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.AttributeTheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.AdverbialReadtheparagraphinthetextbookandunderlinetheattributiveclausesyoufind.1.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.2.In2004,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehebecameinterestedinChineseculture.3.SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.Practice4.Mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.5.SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.6.ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.主语宾语可省略定语状语指人whothatwhomthatwhose指物whichthatwhichthatwhose关系词的作用关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语who(whom)TheprofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.2.whom指人,作宾语Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.用法visitedourschoolyesterdayItalkedtojustnow3.which指物，作主语或宾语Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Theradio（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?用法wereplantedlastyearheisusingyouborrowbooksfrom4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.用法5.whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich(the)互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.用法Thisisthebook.Thecoverofthebookisblue.关系词关系代词关系副词that,which(先行词指物时)that,who(先行词指人时)that(先行词指“人＋物”时)when时间：状语where地点；状语why原因；状语（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）关系限定词whose在从句中限定另一名词关系词的分类：ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathsteacher.Heisnotthemanwhomheusedtobe.Hewenttotheschoolwherehestudiedtenyearsago.划出下列句子中的先行词和定语从句，并指出关系词在从句中充当的成分。1.Theman_________standsthereisTom.2.Thegirl____________ImetisMsLi.3.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.4.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.5.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.6.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.who/that(whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whoseExercise:that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehasnothingthatyoucanborrow.I’vereadeverybookthatisborrowedfromthelibrary.Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatareaboutthismatter.