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综合写作IntegratedWriting汪昭综合写作模式•A完全反驳•B完全赞同•C原因措施综合写作5分标准•阅读内容准确把握要点；•听力内容准确把握要点以及细节；•阅读与听力之间的关系阐述清楚；•可以容忍一些语言上的不至于影响理解的小错误。综合写作4分标准•阅读内容准确把握要点，但若大段抄阅读内容则会扣分；•听力内容准确把握要点，但如果细节遗漏（或写错）得4分；•阅读与听力之间的关系阐述或有不清楚之处；•语言上出现了影响理解文章的某些严重错误。综合写作3分标准•阅读内容把握要点，但若大段照抄阅读内容则会扣分；•听力内容漏掉（或写错）一个要点直接得3分；•阅读与听力之间的关系阐述不清或有错；•语言上出现了较多错误以至于影响理解。综合写作2分标准•大段照抄阅读内容；•听力内容有要点以及细节，但如果漏掉（或写错）两个要点得2分；•阅读与听力之间的关系没有阐述清楚；•阐述自己观点；•语言上出现了较多错误。综合写作1分标准•写了听力和阅读内容中的只言片语。综合写作0分标准•写的不是英文；•写的不是正常人类能够看懂的字符；•写的内容跟阅读和听力完全没有关系。JaneAusten(1775-1817)isoneofthemostfamousofallEnglishnovelists,andtodayhernovelsaremorepopularthanever,withseveralrecentlyadaptedasHollywoodmovies.Butwedonothavemanyrecordsofwhatshelookedlike.Foralongtime,theonlyacceptedimageofAustenwasanamateursketchofanadultAustenmadebyhersisterCassandra.Howeverrecentlyaprofessionallypainted,full-lengthportraitofateenagegirlownedbyamemberoftheAustenfamilyhascomeupforsale.AlthoughtheprofessionalpaintingisnottitledJaneAusten,therearegoodreasonstobelievesheisthesubject.First,in1882,severaldecadesafterAusten'sdeath,Austen'sfamilygavepermissiontousetheportraitasanillustrationinaneditionofherletters.Austen'sfamilyclearlyrecognizeditasaportraitoftheauthor.So,foroveracenturynow,theAustenfamilyitselfhasendorsedtheclaimthatthegirlintheportraitisJaneAusten.Second,thefaceintheportraitclearlyresemblestheoneinCassandra'ssketch,whichweknowdepictsAusten.Thoughsomewhatamateurish,thesketchcommunicatesdefinitedetailsaboutAusten'sface.EventhoughtheCassandrasketchisofanadultJaneAusten,thefeaturesarestillsimilartothoseoftheteenagegirlinthepainting.Theeyebrows,nose,mouth,andoverallshapeofthefaceareverymuchlikethoseinthefull-lengthportrait.Third,althoughthepaintingisunsignedandundated,thereisevidencethatitwaspaintedwhenAustenwasateenager.ThestylelinksittoOziasHumphrey,asocietyportraitpainterwhowasthekindofprofessionalthewealthyAustenfamilywouldhire.Humphreywasactiveinthelate1780sandearly1790s,exactlytheperiodwhenJaneAustenwastheageofthegirlinthepainting.题材不确定听力电脑打字结构式笔记StructuredNotesSummaryComparisonTeamresponsibleforplan/getworkdonefree-ridepeoplenotdomuch—recognitionRealcontribution—notrecognizedattitudeopporeadingnotmovequicktakelong–consensusmanymeetstheother无结构无关系漏观点LM1.Ex2.Ex3.Ex:RM1.Ex2.Ex3.Ex:Reading以词为单位LRM:hydFCpromis/alteradvan1.hydava/renewEx:多—gas/2.solvepolluEx:H2O—produnoCO23.￥/Ex:effici/少enerM:1.Ex:2.Ex:3.Ex:Reading够用即可以词为单位观点是重点LRM:hydFCpromis/alteradvan1.hydavailable/renewEx:plenti—gas/2.solvepolluEx:H2O—produnoCO23.economi/Ex:effici/lessenergyM:1.Ex:2.Ex:3.Ex:例子和解释是重点尽可能详细以词为单位ListeningLRM:hydFCpromis/alteradvan1.hydavailable/renewEx:plenti—gas/2.solvepolluEx:water—produnoCO23.economi/Ex:effici/lessenergyM:hydnotsoluttopollut1.noteasilyavailEx:liquorstate—difficultstore—coolingnotpracti2.notsolveprobl-carsproduhyd—pollutEx:coal/oilburn–pollut–factory—pollut3.expensiEx:madeofp—expeneffort—repla—notsuccess综合写作听力•用缩写表示名词概念、动词、部分形容词•用符号替代逻辑关系•结构：1、2、3•因果：→•转折•增加或减少•大于或小于TheseaotterisasmallmammalthatlivesinwatersalongthewesterncoastofNorthAmericafromCaliforniatoAlaska.WhensomeseaotterpopulationsofftheAlaskancoaststartedrapidlydecliningafewyearsago,itcausedmuchconcernbecauseseaottersplayanimportantecologicalroleinthecoastalecosystem.Expertsstartedinvestigatingthecauseofthedeclineandquicklyrealizedthatthereweretwopossibleexplanations:environmentalpollutionorattacksbypredators.Initially,thepollutionhypothesisseemedthemorelikelyofthetwo.ThefirstreasonwhypollutionseemedthemorelikelycausewasthattherewereknownsourcesofitalongtheAlaskancoast,suchasoilrigsandothersourcesofindustrialchemicalpollution.Watersamplesfromthearearevealedincreasedlevelsofchemicalsthatcoulddecreasetheotters'resistancetolife-threateninginfectionsandthuscouldindirectlycausetheirdeaths.Second,otherseamammalssuchassealsandsealionsalongtheAlaskancoastwerealsodeclining,indicatingthatwhateverhadendangeredtheotterswasaffectingotherseamammalsaswell.Thisfactagainpointedtoenvironmentalpollution,sinceitusuallyaffectstheentireecosystemratherthanasinglespecies.Onlywidelyoccurringpredators,suchastheorca(alargepredatorywhale),couldhavethesameeffect,butorcasprefertohuntmuchlargerprey,suchasotherwhales.Third,scientistsbelievedthatthepollutionhypothesiscouldalsoexplaintheunevenpatternofotterdecline:atsomeAlaskanlocationstheotterpopulationsdeclinedgreatly,whileatotherstheyremainedstable.Someexpertsexplainedtheseobservationsbysuggestingthatoceancurrentsorotherenvironmentalfactorsmayhavecreatedunevenconcentrationsofpollutantsalongthecoast.Well,ongoinginvestigationshaverevealedthatpredationisthemostlikelycauseofseaotterdeclineafterall.Well,ongoinginvestigationshaverevealedthatpredationisthemostlikelycauseofseaotterdeclineafterall.First,thepollutiontheoryisweakenedbythefactthatnoonecanreallyfindanydeadseaotherswashingoffonAlaskanbeaches.That'snotwhatyouwouldexpectifinfectionscausedbypollutionstartedkillingalotofotters.Ontheotherhand,thefactthatit'ssohardtofinddeadottersisconsistentwiththepredatorhypothesis.Ifanotteriskilledbyapredator,it'seatenimmediatelysoitcan'twa