搜索
知识目标：●了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯提示性词语(cluewords)及其重现和同现手段(reiteration&collocation)。●掌握完形填空中运用重现和同现设题的技巧，并利用其解题。Warming-upGuessingthemissingwords.(Teachers,Books,Exercises,Doctors,Police,Parents…)(Teachers,Books)(Teachers)(Doctors,Nurses)Whatisaclueword?Aclueword(提示词)isveryusefulinacloze,accordingtothecluewords,you'llfindit'smucheasiertodoacloze.1)Heis___,whilehissisteristhin.2)Usuallyhecomestoschool____,buttodayheislate.fatcluewordscluewordsearlyCollocation同现Reiteration重现clueword提示词Whatisreiteration?原词重现同义词或近义词重现上下义词重现英语的“重现”是指某一个单词的同义、近义、上义、下义、同源的单词、短语或者句子反复地在文章中出现，来强调这个概念。1.原词重现：有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。Fromthetimeeachofmychildrenstartedschool,Ipackedtheirlunches…SinceIwasstillmakinglunchforhisyoungerbrother,I35oneforMarc,too.(2008年全国卷Ⅱ)35.A.packedB.fetchedC.boughtD.filledEverycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors.Doorsmanyhave21_______functionsandpurposeswhichleadto22_________difference.(2010广东）21.A.differentB.importantC.practicalD.unusual22.A.nationalB.importantC.culturalD.amazing2.同义词或近义词重现原文表达中，可借助意思相同或相近的词，有时则是用解释性的语言来连接上下文的语义。…whenSamshowedsignsofautism(自闭症)attheageoftwo.Hehadactuallystoppedtalkingbeforethediscoveryofthesigns.He48tocommunicatewithothers,eventhefamilymembers.(NMET2010重庆）A.triedB.refusedC.regrettedD.hoped3.上下义词重现:上下义词是指词的总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是其包含的个体或种类。如:food是bread,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,milk,rice是food的下义词。Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother40,speciallyherhearing…(NMET2010湖北）A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.sensesWhatiscollocation?语义场同现修饰同现因果同现结构同现反义同现英语的“同现”手段实际上就是一组具有相同倾向性的词语，并往往与文章中心主线的导向一致。看到“hospital”这个词,你会想到……patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure…1.语义场同现：围绕同一话题或场景出现，如patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure等都是围绕_________这个语义展开的。Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpale…（NMET2008广东）A.sickB.slimC.shortD.smallhospital5.A.concentrateB.devoteC.applyD.bury2.修饰同现:指词语之间存在固定的修饰关系，如修饰population要用___________，而不能用____________Andhereisthebasicconditionofsuccess,thegreatsecret:5______yourenergy,thought,andcapitalwhollyonthebusinessinwhichyouare6______.large或smallmany或few6.A.chargedB.engagedC.preparedD.done3.因果同现：在某一句或某一段中，前后的词语之间有时存在着必然的因果关系。Ihadbeensittinginawheelchairfor20yearsbeforethen…Being41tomovefreely,Ihavelearnedtositstill…(NMET2010重庆）A.readyB.unableC.anxiousD.eagerIfnecessary,youevencankeepa____ofthemindetailinyourjournalforthepleasureofafterthought.A.recordB.wordC.touchD.note4.结构同现:前后词语之间的搭配共同满足一定的语法结构要求。5.反义同现：前后出现的词表达着相反的含义。Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.(NMET2008广东)22.A.powerfulB.cruelC.frightenedD.extraordinaryPracticeSoin1991hebegantoinvitesmallgroupsofkidstogofishingwith…Youtookme______whenIwasinfifthgrade.(NMET2010天津)A.fishingB.sailingC.boatingD.swimming原词重现Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrowssickandpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents.(NMET2008广东）24.A.uncomfortableB.unbelievableC.unacceptableD.unrecognizable因果同现...ToridethebuswithSusaneachmorningandeveninguntilshecouldmanageitbyherself…Atlast,Susandecidedthatshewasreadytotrythetrip42.(NMET2010湖北）42.A.onherownB.inpersonC.toherbenefitD.onfoot同义重现Whathaveyoulearnedinthisperiod?原词重现同义词或近义词重现上下义词重现重现语义场同现修饰同现因果同现结构同现反义同现同现SummaryInanarticle,therearelotsofcluewords,readitcarefullyandfindthecluewordswithitscollocation&reiteration,theywillhelpyoutogetthemainideaofthearticle.You'llfindit'smucheasiertodoacloze.Summary试题分析AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药).OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper_________hisbrotherforhimandcarriedanarticle_____________thedeathofAlfredNobel.“Themerchantofdeathisdead,”thearticleread.“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame______byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”Nobelwas_______tofindoutnotthathehaddied,butthat,whenhistimewasup,hewouldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfrom______anddestruction.mistookannouncingrichupsetdeathmistake…for…把……误认为…….结构同现语义场同现同义重现因果同现同义重现Tomakesurethathewas____________withloveandrespect,Nobelarrangedinhis______togivethelargestpartofhismoneyto________theNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat____________tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.So____________,Nobelhadtodiebeforewhathislifewasreallyabout.rememberedwill本文是由death这个话题展开的。语义场同现establish根据常识是诺贝尔建立了诺贝尔奖金contributions结构同现basically语义判断：基本上，从根本上说同义重现根据前文hewasupset…hewouldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfromdeathanddestructionmakecontributionsto是固定搭配