高考英语阅读__细节题

高中英语阅读（二）细节理解题questionsofdetails2007-2012年高考英语阅读理解考点分布年份细节理解词义判断推理判断主旨概括2007年72332008年61622009年101312010年71612011年131512012年13142细节理解3.解答方法细节型试题常见提问形式*Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,what,which,howmany,howoften…)*Whichofthestatementistrue?（三误一正）*Whichofthestatementisnottrue?（三正一误）*Whichofthestatementisnotmentionedinthepassage?*Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat…*Whatistherightorderoftheevent?…*…Stepone：略读题干(Skimming)快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)与选项。Steptwo：通读全文(Scanning)要带着“问题”通读全文。Stepthree：研读攻关(Close-reading)对信息进行综合分析，避免受信息的干扰，学会排除干扰项。细节型试题解题步骤细节型试题的几种解答方法1.按顺序原则2.找定位词3.排除法一般来,题序与其题眼在文章中的顺序相同。这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。1.把握解题的顺序原则2.通过定位词寻找出题点（1）什么词才算是定位词呢？①我们首先要关注的是表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词，以及题干中出现的大写的名词。如:【2012广东】26.HowdoestheauthorunderstandMaxie’swords?【2010辽宁】64.AccordingtoCaliforniastudy,thelow-scoringgroupmight.【2010全国卷II】51.WhyaresomeChineselikelytogoskiingintheEurope?【2010辽宁】61.WhatdoesthewriterdislikemostaboutdinnerpartiesinNewYork?【2010湖南】62.Wecanknowthatbefore1995Mary.【2010四川】46.WhatisanadvantageofthebuildingsmeetingtheGreenCommunitiesStandards?②找表示实体意义或指代一件具体事物的名词。如：【2010广东】48.Whenyourcolleaguebringsaboutaproblem,youshould.【2010江苏】56.WhichofthefollowingdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover?【2010全国I】56.WhereisthenearestparkingplacetoShakespeare’sBirthplace?③可以关注题干中词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等。如:【2010上海】67.Indianelephantsaregettingincreasinglyangryandtheyrevengebecause.在找定位词的时候，注意以下几点：（1）反复出现的专有名词不能算是定位词。如：【2010全国II】A篇41.WhatwouldBrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?42.WecaninferfromParagraph2thatBrownie__________.43.WhydoestheauthorsaythatBrowniewasmorethanjustafamilypet?44.SomepeoplegotfrightenedbyBrowniewhenshe__________.（2）题干定位词是原文中出现的转换形式。a.同义改写。题干将原文中的词或词组换成另外的词或者词组，词性和结构不变，意义相近。WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.41.Whywastheauthor’smotherpoorlyserved?A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.D.Shewasnotverypolite.【2010广东】A篇【2010江西】C66.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.FamilyB.PotentialC.KnowledgeD.Communityb.转变词性与结构:如将名词词组转化为意思相近的动词、形容词等等。Confucius…assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.….3.排除法（1）正确选项的特征原文的改写，意思不变。（2）错误选项的特征a．张冠李戴：把A事物的特点说成是B事物的，企图混淆视觉。【2010江苏】A篇Otherearlysurnamescame·frompeople’soccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter—apersonwhoownedordroveacart;Potter—apersonwhomadepotsandpans.57.Accordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably_______.A.ownedordroveacartB.madethingswithmetalsC.madekitchentoolsorcontainsD.builthousesandfurnitureb.断章取义：抓住一个字眼或细节做文章，对作者本意歪曲的理解。c.过度猜测：文中并没有出现和选项一致的直接信息，选项对文意进行了不切实际的过度猜测。d.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。