Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar――定语从句

Unit1课前自主领悟SectionⅢ课堂要点精析课后强化训练Section_ⅢGrammar——定语从句语法图解探究发现①ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom，whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.②Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow­browncolourlikehoney.③Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels，whichtookthecountry’sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.④However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamⅠ，towhomtheamberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.⑤Later,CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.⑥In1770theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.⑦Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.⑧ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.⑨Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.⑩Hekeptsilentallnight,whichwassurprising.[我的发现](1)例句①中含which引导的_________定语从句；例②中含which引导的_______定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有____。(2)以上例句中含非限制性定语从句的有_____________；含限制性定语从句的有__________。(3)例句①⑧中的which不能替换成that，因为关系代词that不能引导_________定语从句。非限制性限制性逗号①③④⑧⑨⑩②⑤⑥⑦非限制性(4)关系代词as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句。其相同点：都可以指代主句的全部内容或部分内容；其不同点：①位置不同：as可位于主句______(例句⑨)，主句中间或主句之后；which只能位于_____之后。②译成的汉语不同：as常被译作“___________”之意，而which则没有此意。之前主句正如；就如一、关系词的用法关系词指代句法功能例句that人、物主、宾Hethatgainstimegainsallthings.Thebagthatliesonthegroundishers.which物、句子主、宾Loveisawonderwhichtakesmybreathaway.关系词指代句法功能例句who人主语Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.whom人宾语SheistheteacherwhomIlikebest.whose人、物状语Mr.King,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.when时间状语IstillrememberthefirstdaywhenIwenttoschool.关系词指代句法功能例句where地点状语ThebookshopwhereIboughtthisbookisnotfarfromhere.why原因状语Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.as人、物或句子主、宾Heissuchamanasisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Asyoucansee,heisreliable.[即时演练1](1)关系词填空①(湖南高考改编)Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose_____aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.②(福建高考改编)Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents______allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.(2)把两个句子合并成一个含定语从句的句子Guilinisacity.Thecityhasahistoryof2,000years.________________________________________________whowhichGuilinisacitythat/whichhasahistoryof2,000years.(3)英汉互译①Helaughsbestwholaughslast._______________________②有一个美丽的小女孩，她的名字叫小薇。(用定语从句)________________________________________谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。ThereisabeautifulgirlwhosenameisXiaowei.二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别与联系项目限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开主句和从句之间用逗号隔开功能对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，主句句意不完整或概念不清对先行词起补充说明作用，如果去掉，主句句意仍然清楚、完整翻译多翻译为先行词的前置定语多译为另外一个分句项目限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句含义Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.我有一个是医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)先行词仅是名词或代词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子引导词所有的关系代词或副词除that和why之外的关系代词或副词Thegirlwholikesbeautifulclothesandtakingphotosworkshardtogetawell­paidjob.(who引导的限制性定语从句)这位喜欢漂亮衣服且喜欢照相的女孩为得到一份报酬很好的工作而努力着。Thethreefirefighters,whowentmissingwhentheyweretryingtoputouttheflames,werelaterfoundbyrescuers.(who引导的非限制性定语从句)三位消防员在努力扑灭火时失踪了，后来他们被救助者找到了。Taobaoisawebsitewhereyoucanbuywhatyouwantatagoodprice.(where引导的限制性定语从句)淘宝是一个你能以一个合理的价格买到你想要的东西的网站。Therearemanyhighbuildingsalongtheriver,wherethereusedtostandrowsoftrees.(where引导的非限制性定语从句)沿河有很多的高楼，过去这儿是成排的树。[即时演练2](1)关系词填空①(安徽高考改编)MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,______madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong­helddreamscometrue.②(全国卷Ⅱ改编)Thatevening,______Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.whichwhich(2)完成句子①Thebusinessman,__________________________________________(他的行李箱已被一个陌生人找到了),hasleftforBeijing.②TheywillflytoKunming,______________________________________(在那里他们将待两三天)．③Shehasfoundthenecklace_______________________________(两周前丢失的项链)．whosesuitcasehasbeenfoundbyastrangerwheretheywillstayfortwoorthreedays(that/which)shelosttwoweeksago三、as,which引导非限制性定语从句的区别aswhich指代引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义正如这，那功能起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句Asweallknow,thesituationofthecountryischanging.众所周知，这个国家的形势正在发生变化。Hissuccesshashitthewholecountry,whichhisfamilymembersareproudof.他的成功轰动全国，他的家人以此为傲。[即时演练3]选词填空：as,which①___isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.②Hepassedtheexam,______madehisparentsveryhappy.③(山东高考改编)Thereisnosimpleanswer,___isoftenthecaseinscience.④(天津高考改编)Wehavelaunchedanotherman­madesatellite,______isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.AswhichaswhichⅠ.用适当的关系词填空1．Thisistheschool__________wevisitedyesterday.2．Thisistheschool______________myfatherworks.3．Theboy_____parentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4．Canyouseethehouseof______thewindowfacesthesouth?5．Thisistheverything____Iamlookingfor.that/whichwhere/inwhichwhosewhichthat6．Whoistheman____spoketoyouatthegate?7．Ibelievethereason____helikestraveling.8．Ibelievethereason_________hegavemeforhisdecision.9．Theway__________heexplainedtouswasverysimple.10．Theway____________heexplainedthesentencetouswasverysimple.11．I,____amyourgoodfriend,willofcoursetrymybesttohelpyouout.12．HereachedLondonin1996,______,sometimelater,hethatwhythat/whichthat/whichbecameafamousactor.that/inwhichwhowhere13．Mr.GreenwillcometothepartyonSunday,_____hepromisedtoeveryoneofus.14．Theprofessorhastwosons,bothof_______areteachingi