美国教育介绍 完整英文版

TheAmericaneducationsystemPrimaryschoolSecondaryschoolUndergraduateschoolGraduateschoolPrimarySchool•AlsocalledelementaryschoolorgrammarschoolPrimarySchool•Studentslearnreading,math,science,history,spelling,artandpenmanship•TheclassstaystogetheralldayandhasoneteacherforalloftheirsubjectsPrimarySchoolPrimarySchool•StudentsalsohaverecessPrimarySchool•StudentseatlunchatschoolPrimarySchool•StudentsarepickedupandtakenhomebytheschoolbusMiddleSchool•Studentslearnreading,math,science,history,vocabulary,writing,musicandartMiddleSchool•Studentslearnreading,math,science,history,vocabulary,writing,musicandart•BegintostudycomputerandhaveP.E.classMiddleSchool•Studentslearnreading,math,science,history,vocabulary,writing,musicandart•BegintostudycomputerandhaveP.E.class•TheclassstaystogetheralldayandchangesroomsfortheirdifferentteachersMiddleSchool•OftenstudentslearntoplayaninstrumentorjointheschoolchoirMiddleSchool•OftenstudentsgoonschoolfieldtripsMiddleSchool•Schoolmightrequireauniform•About20%ofschoolsinAmericahavethemHighSchoolHighSchool•Studentslearnadvancedsubjectslikemath,science,history,economics,speech,musicandart•EachstudenthashisownscheduleandmovestodifferentclassroomsforeachclassHighSchool•Studentschoosemanydifferentelectives–Art–Choir–Band–Cooking–Acting–Driver’sEducationHighSchool-Sports•Boys–AmericanFootballHighSchool-Sports•Boys–SoccerHighSchool-Sports•Girls–VolleyballHighSchool-Sports•Both–BasketballHighSchool-Sports•Both–TrackHighSchool-CheerleadingHighSchool-Activities•Band•Choir•DebateHighSchool-Activities•SeniorTripHighSchool–AfterSchool•JobHighSchool–AfterSchool•PartiesHighSchool•Studentshaveaguidancecounselortohelpprepareforthefuture•EachstudenttakesanSATorACTtest–SAT:ScholasticAptitudeTest(Mathematics&EnglishReading&EnglishWriting)–ACT:AmericanCollegeTestHighSchool–GraduationUniversityUniversity•JuniorCollege•CommunityCollegeUniversity•Studentschoosetwotopicstostudy–Major–Minor•Bachelor’s['bætʃələ]Degree(4-year)•AssociatesDegree(2or3-year)University•Mostschoolsofferaliberalartsdegree•Ourdegreeiscommonlycalledadiploma–BachelorofScience–BachelorofArtsUniversity•Eachhourofclassperweekiscalledacredit•Studentsneedabout125creditstograduatewithafouryeardegree•EverystudenthastheirownuniquescheduleUniversity•Studentscanchoosewhichclassestheywouldliketotake•Itisveryeasytochangeyourmajororminorandstudyadifferenttopic•StudentsaregivenalotofflexibilityinchoosingwhattheywillstudyUniversity•Universitystudentsusethefollowingtitles:–Grade1=Freshmen–Grade2=Sophomore–Grade3=Juniors–Grade4=Seniors•ThefirstfouryearsofuniversityiscalledyourundergraduateworkUniversity-Cost•AmericanuniversitiesareveryexpensiveUniversity-Cost•Americanuniversitiesareveryexpensive•Pricesperyearfora4-yeardegreerangefrom10,000to40,000dollars•CommunitycollegesaremuchlessexpensiveUniversity-GPA•GPA–GradePointAverage•Thetotalaveragegradeofallofyourclassesandhoursatuniversity•Highestbeing4.0andlowestbeing0.0•A=4B=3C=2D=1F=0University-Classes•CollegeismuchmoredifficultthanhighschoolUniversity-Classes•Collegeismuchmoredifficultthanhighschool•Studentsaregivenlotsofhomeworkandreadingtodooutsideofclass•Writepapers,readbooks,givespeechesanddogroupprojectsUniversityUniversity-Projects•UniversitiesattractthetopscientistsanddoctorstobeteachersUniversity-Projects•StudentgroupsalsotakepartincommunityprojectsUniversity-Trips•StudentstraveltostudyoverseasUniversity-Internships•Studentsworkatarealcompanyorschooltogetpracticalexperience•Studentsalsoearncreditsforthetimetheyworkattheirinternship•OftenthestudentsarepaidfortheirworkUniversity-Internships•Internshipsareusuallydoneduringyourjuniororsenioryear•Ifyouperformwell,thenyouwillbeofferedajobupongraduationMaster’sDegree•Alsocalledapost-graduatedegree•Usuallytakestwoorthreeyearstocomplete•SomestudentstakeapositionattheschoolcalledGraduateAssistantMaster’sDegree•GraduateAssistant–Workpart-timeattheschoolMaster’sDegree•GraduateAssistant–Workpart-timeattheschool–Attendclasspart-time–Theworkpaysforyourtuitionandroomfees–Sometimescalleda“GA”DoctorateDegreeDoctorateDegree•AlsocalledaPh.DorDoctorofPhilosophy•Aschoolcansometimesawardan“honorarydoctoratedegree”DoctorateDegreeDoctorateDegree•AlsocalledaPh.DorDoctorofPhilosophy•Aschoolcansometimesawardan“honorarydoctoratedegree”•Extremelydifficultclasses•StudentsmustwriteadissertationDoctorateDegree•Universityprofessorsshouldgetthisdegree