雅思写作 外教总结 IELTS Writing

INTERMEDIATE–ADVANCEDtexttexttexttext2write.com2write.com2write.com2write.comHowtowriteIELTSEssaysbyROBERTLEWISM.A.LINGUISTICShowtousethisbookforselfstudyForself-study,youshouldworkthroughthebook,frompageonetotheend,checkingyouranswersasyoucompleteeachoftheexercises.BeginbyreadingtheIntroductionandlearnabouttheessayform,thekeystagesandthelanguagefeaturesoftheessaythatareimportantforthisformofpersuasivecommunication.Whatisthebestwaytostudy?First,findaquietandcomfortableplacewhereyoucanwork.Youshouldfeelgoodworkingthere.Doaminimumof40minuteseachday.Trytomakearegulartimeforstudy,sothatitbecomesroutine-thesametimeandplaceeveryday.Youwillneedadictionarytocheckthemeaningofnewvocabulary.Atthislevel(advanced)youshoulduseanAdvancedLearnersdictionaryofEnglish-ratherthanabilingualdictionary.Wheneveryoufindcommonorfamiliarexpressionsthatyoudon’tknow,learnthesewordsfirst.Theyarethe“buildingblocks”forthemoredifficultvocabularyyouwilllearnlater.Developyourvocabulary,stepbystep.Thebestwaytolearnnewwordsistoguesstheirmeaningfromthecontext,checkthemeaninginadictionary,andpracticeusingtheminyourwriting.Thetopicsinthisbookaregeneraltopicsselectedtohelpdevelopyouracademicvocabulary.Youshouldalsoreadwidelyandbecomefamiliarwithothertopicsandissues.Itisagoodideatoreadabouttopicsthatarelessfamiliartoyou,butstillrelevantforageneralEnglishtest,liketheIELTS.WhatelsecanIdo?Bycompletingalltheexercisesinthisbook,youaretakingpositivestepstowardsachievingyourgoals.Remember-everypagecompletedisagiantsteptowardachievingsuccessinessaywriting.FindafriendwhowillpracticespeakingEnglishwithyouanddiscusstogetherthetopicsandissuesthatyoureadaboutinthisbookOfcourse,anEnglishteacherwillbehelpfulwhenyouneedtohaveyouressayscorrectedandgetadviceaboutanyerrorsyoumightbemakinginyourwriting.Attheendofeachchapterthereisachecklistofthingstolookforinyourwriting.Checkthatyouhavedoneallthesethings,and,ifyouneedto,makechangesandcorrections.Finally,itisadvisabletoattemptthesampleessayquestionsprovidedattheendofeachchapter.Bycompletingalltheexercisesinthisbook,youaretakingpositivestepstowardsachievingyourgoals.Remember-everypagecompletedisagiantsteptowardachievingsuccessinessaywriting.2©copyrightRobertLewisterms&abbreviations/-alternativeeg.x/y=.(x)OR(y)claim-tosaywithoutproof/evidencesomethingistruecontext-situationandcircumstancesdiff.-differentdiscuss-(1)talkabout,(2)considertwoormoresideseg.–exampleessay-typeofpersuasive/writtentextetc.–etcetera:andsoonexposition-factualwritingeg.explanation,argument,etc.exam-examinationformallanguage–impersonallanguageusedinformalsituationsgaps–spaceswherewordsaremissinggenre-typeoftext.eg.recount,narrative,expositioni.e.–thatisIELTS-InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystemintro-introductionL-leftmatch-puttogether,linkno.-numberpractice-purposefulactivityproposition-astatementorclaimthatmaybetruep/w-perweekQ.-questionoressayquestionR-rightre./ref.-referenceto/concerning/aboutrecommendation-finalsuggestion,advicerecount-retellingofpastevents,storyaboutpeoplestructure-form,organizationintostagesorstepsstrategy–awayofdoings.t.,amethodortechniques.o.-someones.t.-somethingtext-awrittenpassage,sometimestranscribedspokenvia-throughviz.-suchas©copyrightRobertLewis3contentsINTRODUCTIONTheEssay4TOPIC1:LANGUAGELEARNING7Reading&Vocabulary8Grammar:BeLogical12Writingpractice16Review,checklist,samplequestions23TOPIC2:WORKANDLEISURE25Reading&Vocabulary31Grammar:BeAuthoritative30Writingpractice34Review,checklist,samplequestions39TOPIC3:THEENVIRONMENT41Reading&Vocabulary42Grammar:Reason46Writingpractice49Review,checklist,samplequestions56TOPIC4:TV&COMPUTERGAMES57Reading&Vocabulary58Grammar:BeCohesive62Writingpractice66Review,checklist,samplequestions75TOPIC5:SCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY77Reading&Vocabulary78Grammar:SoundReasonable82Writingpractice84Review,checklist,samplequestions91ANSWERS934©copyrightRobertLewisintroductionWhatisanessay?Theessayisaformofacademicwritingwidelyusedinsecondaryandhighereducation.Thegeneralpurposeoftheessayistodemonstratetheimportanceofagivensubjectorissue,andpersuadeaneducatedreadertoconsiderthewriter’spointofviewontheissue.Whatisanexamessay?Whatdotheyexamine?Examessays,liketheIELTSTask2,testastudent’sabilitytothinkanalytically,presentpersuasiveargumentsandthuscommunicateeffectivelyinanacademiccontext.Inotherwords,thewritershouldshowthattheycan:-answerthequestion,whichrequiresthecarefulanalysisofthequestion,-presentanddeveloplogicalandreasonablearguments,and-communicateclearly,usingappropriatelanguage(vocabularyandgrammar).Whatarethekeystagesofanessay?Itisimportanttorememberthattheexamessayisaresponsetoagivenquestion,soitshouldanswerthequestionclearlyanddecisively.Tothisend,thewritermakestheirpositionclearfromthestart,andthenpresentsasequenceofargumentsinsupportoftheirposition,beforefinallyrestatingtheirposition.Thesearethethreekeystagesofanyessay.KEYSTAGESINTRODUCTIONPositionThewriterstatestheirpositionoropinion,inresponsetothequestion/s.BODYSequenceofArgumentsAseque