人教版英语八年级上册-Unit5-动词不定式语法详解

Unit5动词不定式语法详解不定式结构肯定：to+dosth.否定：not+todosth.一、作主语Tostudyhardisveryimportant.→Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.注意:不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语,把真正的主语放在后面。练习1、Itisnecessary______ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Ittookthem1,000yuan_________thistable.(buy)二、作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.我的工作是教英语。Themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnewandhavefun.最重要的是学习新的东西和过得愉快三、作宾语1、动词+todosth.常用动词有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等e.g.Ihopetofinishittomorrow.Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.2、动词＋疑问词+todoe.g.我不知道接下来该做什么。Idon’tknow____________next.她不能决定买哪本书。Shecan’tdecide_________________.练习1、Don’tforget_________________.(关灯)2、Samislearning________________.(怎样开车）四、作宾语补足语——对宾语进行补充说明1、动词+宾语（sb./sth.)+todosth.常用动词有：ask,tell,allow,want,expect等e.g.Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式,动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listento三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,lookate.g.John’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.Weoftenhearhimsingontheplayground.五、作定语Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.我有重要的事要说Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有许多家庭作业要做。★不定式与所修饰的名词有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面要有必要的介词。Thecatiseasytotakecareof.这只猫很容易照顾。六、作状语表目的Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。表原因We’regladtomeetyouhere.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。表结果Heistootiredtoworkon.他太累了而不能继续工作。练习1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)