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岩土工程专业外语词汇大全中英翻译1.综合类大地工程geotechnicalengineering反分析法backanalysismethod基础工程foundationengineering临界状态土力学criticalstatesoilmechanics数值岩土力学numericalgeomechanics土soil,earth土动力学soildynamics土力学soilmechanics岩土工程geotechnicalengineering应力路径stresspath应力路径法stresspathmethod2.工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphicrock标准冻深standardfrostpenetration冰川沉积glacialdeposit冰积层（台）glacialdeposit残积土eluvialsoil,residualsoil层理beding长石feldspar沉积岩sedimentaryrock承压水confinedwater次生矿物secondarymineral地质年代geologicalage地质图geologicalmap地下水groundwater断层fault断裂构造fracturestructure工程地质勘察engineeringgeologicalexploration海积层（台）marinedeposit海相沉积marinedeposit花岗岩granite滑坡landslide化石fossil化学沉积岩chemicalsedimentaryrock阶地terrace节理joint解理cleavage喀斯特karst矿物硬度hardnessofminerals砾岩conglomerate流滑flowslide陆相沉积continentalsedimentation泥石流mudflow,debrisflow粘土矿物clayminerals凝灰岩tuff牛轭湖ox-bowlake浅成岩hypabyssalrock潜水groundwater侵入岩intrusiverock取土器geotome砂岩sandstone砂嘴spit,sandspit山岩压力rockpressure深成岩plutonicrock石灰岩limestone石英quartz松散堆积物rickle围限地下水（台）confinedgroundwater泻湖lagoon岩爆rockburst岩层产状attitudeofrock岩浆岩magmaticrock,igneousrock岩脉dikedgke岩石风化程度degreeofrockweathering岩石构造structureofrock岩石结构textureofrock岩体rockmass页岩shale原生矿物primarymineral云母mica造岩矿物rock-formingmineral褶皱fold,folding钻孔柱状图boreholecolumnarsection3.土的分类饱和土saturatedsoil超固结土overconsolidatedsoil冲填土dredgerfill充重塑土冻土frozensoil,tjaele非饱和土unsaturatedsoil分散性土dispersivesoil粉土silt,mo粉质粘土siltyclay高岭石kaolinite过压密土（台）overconsolidatedsoil红粘土redclay,adamicearth黄土loess,huangtu(China)蒙脱石montmorillonite泥炭peat,bogmuck年粘土clay年粘性土cohesivesoil,clayeysoil膨胀土expansivesoil,swellingsoil欠固结粘土underconsolidatedsoil区域性土zonalsoil人工填土fill,artificialsoil软粘土softclay,mildclay,mickle砂土sand湿陷性黄土collapsibleloess,slumpingloess素填土plainfill塑性图plasticitychart碎石土stone,breakstone,brokenstone,channery,chat,crushedstone,detritus未压密土（台）underconsolidatedclay无粘性土cohesionlesssoil,frictionalsoil,non-cohesivesoil岩石rock伊利土illite有机质土organicsoil淤泥muck,gyttja,mire,slush淤泥质土muckysoil原状土undisturbedsoil杂填土miscellaneousfill正常固结土normallyconsolidatedsoil正常压密土（台）normallyconsolidatedsoil自重湿陷性黄土selfweightcollapseloess4.土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberglimits饱和度degreeofsaturation饱和密度saturateddensity饱和重度saturatedunitweight比重specificgravity稠度consistency不均匀系数coefficientofuniformity,uniformitycoefficient触变thixotropy单粒结构single-grainedstructure蜂窝结构honeycombstructure干重度dryunitweight干密度drydensity塑性指数plasticityindex含水量watercontent,moisturecontent活性指数activityindex级配gradation,grading结合水boundwater,combinedwater,heldwater界限含水量Atterberglimits颗粒级配particlesizedistributionofsoils,mechanicalcompositionofsoil可塑性plasticity孔隙比voidratio孔隙率porosity粒度granularity,graininess,grainage粒组fraction,sizefraction毛细管水capillarywater密度density密实度compactionness年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivityofcohesivesoil平均粒径meandiameter,averagegraindiameter曲率系数coefficientofcurvature三相图blockdiagram,skeletaldiagram,threephasediagram三相土tri-phasesoil湿陷起始应力initialcollapsepressure湿陷系数coefficientofcollapsibility缩限shrinkagelimit土的构造soiltexture土的结构soilstructure土粒相对密度specificdensityofsolidparticles土中气airinsoil土中水waterinsoil团粒aggregatecumularpharolith限定粒径constraineddiameter相对密度relativedensity,densityindex相对压密度relativecompaction,compactingfactor,percentcompaction,coefficientofcompaction絮状结构flocculentstructure压密系数coefficientofconsolidation压缩性compressibility液限liquidlimit液性指数liquidityindex游离水（台）freewater有效粒径effectivediameter,effectivegrainsize,effectivesize有效密度effectivedensity有效重度effectiveunitweight重力密度unitweight自由水freewater,gravitationalwater,groundwater,phreaticwater组构fabric最大干密度maximumdrydensity最优含水量optimumwatercontent5.渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcyslaw管涌piping浸润线phreaticline临界水力梯度criticalhydraulicgradient流函数flowfunction流土flowingsoil流网flownet砂沸sandboil渗流seepage渗流量seepagedischarge渗流速度seepagevelocity渗透力seepageforce渗透破坏seepagefailure渗透系数coefficientofpermeability渗透性permeability势函数potentialfunction水力梯度hydraulicgradient6.地基应力和变形变形deformation变形模量modulusofdeformation泊松比Poissonsratio布西涅斯克解Boussinnesqssolution残余变形residualdeformation残余孔隙水压力residualporewaterpressure超静孔隙水压力excessporewaterpressure沉降settlement沉降比settlementratio次固结沉降secondaryconsolidationsettlement次固结系数coefficientofsecondaryconsolidation地基沉降的弹性力学公式elasticformulaforsettlementcalculation分层总和法layerwisesummationmethod负孔隙水压力negativeporewaterpressure附加应力superimposedstress割线模量secantmodulus固结沉降consolidationsettlement规范沉降计算法settlementcalculationbyspecification回弹变形rebounddeformation回弹模量modulusofresilience回弹系数coefficientofresilience回弹指数swellingindex建筑物的地基变形允许值allowablesettlementofbuilding剪胀dilatation角点法corner-pointsmethod孔隙气压力poreairpressure孔隙水压力porewaterpressure孔隙压力系数AporepressureparameterA孔隙压力系数BporepressureparameterB明德林解Mindlinssolution纽马克感应图Newmarkchart切线模量tangentmodulus蠕变creep三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensionalconsolidationsettlement瞬时沉降immediatesettlement塑性变形plasticdeformation弹性变形elasticdeformation弹性模量elasticmodulus弹性平衡状态stateofelasticequilibrium体积变形模量volumetricdeformationmodulus先期固结压力preconsolidationpressure压缩层compressedlayer压缩模量modulusofcompressibility压缩系数coefficientofcompressibility压缩性compressibility压缩指数compressionindex有效应力effectivestress自重应力self-weightstress