2013高考英语 定语从句复习

1.定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰或的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫“”即：先行词+关系词+从句eg:wewillvisittheschoolthatwasbuiltlastyear.名词代词先行词关系词TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句Isawafilm,whichisveryinteresting.2HowmanykindsoftheAttributiveClausesarethere?3.引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词..关系代词：1.Thehouse______theworkersarebuildingisourclassroom.2.Wevisitedthefactory_______wasbuiltlastyear3.Theperson_____isstandingatthegateismyfriend.4.Thegirl____yousawjustnowismysister.5.Thisistheman______sonisacollegestudent.6.Thehouse______windowfacessouthisourclassroom7.Thehouse,______isbeingpainted,ismysister’sroom.8.Itwasrainingalldayalong,______keptmeinmyhome.(which/that)which/thatwhowhosewhosewhichwhich1)who.代替人，作主语2)whom代替人，作宾语(可省略）3)whose代替人或物，作定语4)that代人，也代物，作主语，宾语(可省），表语5)which代物，也可代整个句子，作主语，宾语（可省）关系副词1when,代时间名词,作状语YesterdaywasmybirthdaywhenIenjoyedmyself.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIwasborn.注：when=prep+which,作状语2where,代地点名词，作状语Wevisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks.Thisistheplacewherewemettwoyearsago.Where=prep+whichWevisitedthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.3)point,case,situation,position,stage,scene用where.Marycametothepointinherlifewhereshemustmakedecisionsbyherself.3)why先行词reason,作原因状语，相当于forwhichIdon’tknowthereasonwhy(forwhich）heisoftenabsentfromschool.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathewascaughtinthetrafficjam.5介词+which/whom介词由先行词或从句的谓语动词决定Thisisthehouse___whichLuxunoncelived.Hespentahardtime___whichhismoneyhadbeenstolen.Thegirl___whomyoutalkedjustnowismysister.6.在非限制性定语从句中，名词\代词+of+which\whom表示整体与部分的关系e.g.Theworkers,someofwhomstayedforfouryears,camefromdifferentcountries.Chinahashundredsofisland,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.attoin1.that与which1.Nothing______canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用thatthatthat1.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。1.that与which1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing______sufferspain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.thatthat1.that与which1.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用thatthat1.that与which1.Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom1.that与which1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thisisthebook_____whichyouarelooking.注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前forTheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.２如何判断介词2).看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hegavemesomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with２如何判断介词２如何判断介词3)由先行词决定Iwillneverforgettheday___whichIwasadmittedintotheuniversisy.whose引导的定语从句,表示所属关系.Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.Theriver,thebanksofwhicharecoveredwithtrees,flowstothesea.Thisistheman________sonisinBeijingUniversity.Thisistheman,thesonofwhomisinBeijingUniversity.whose3Whose的使用whose___isknowntoall,theearthisround___isknowntoallthattheearthisround.____isknowntoallisthattheearthisround.AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的4as的使用WhatThisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。4as的使用ThisisthesamebookasIlost.1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which2___everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which则没有此义。4as的使用5when,where,why与that,which的区分1)I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.2)I’llneverforgetthetime_____________Ispentwithyou.3)Thisisthemuseum________myfatherwoks.4)Thisisthemuseum_______________Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhere5when,where,why与that,which的区分Thisisthereason______Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavemewasnottrue.whywhich/that指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。6定语从句中的动词的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraisehashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词1.Theprizewillgotothewriter__storyshowsthemostimagination.(2011全国卷I)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what2.TomcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,__isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.（2011全国卷II）AthisB.thatC.whatD.which3.Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.(09浙江14)A.whichB.whereC.howD.why4.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault（10全国Ⅱ16）A.whoB.thatC.asD.what5.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.（陕西11）A.whereB.whichC.itsD.Whose6.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.(2011湖南卷)25.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.thatcDBBDCThankyouGoodbye