1.identifyvt.确认,识别,鉴别,认出(1)(2)identify…as确认,证明…e.g.她认出那个男子就是昨晚的抢劫犯。Sheidentifiedthemanastherobberlastnight.认为…等同identify...withe.g.幸福与财富不能混为一谈。Onecan’tidentifyhappinesswithwealth.identificationn.验明,鉴别,身份证明identicaladj.完全相同拓展2.alternativeadj.供选择的;其他的n.可能的选择;选择对象alternativeenergy替代能源analternativeto...……的替代品Thereisnoalternative...别无选择havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做……e.g.1)Thewaywasblocked,sowehadtogobyalternativeroad.2)除了放弃那个计划,我别无选择。IhavenoalternativebuttoIhavenochoicebuttoIhavenothingtodobut这条路阻塞,我们只能走其他路。giveuptheplan.3.Youmustbeawarethatit’sherethatwefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.想必你们知道,正是在这个地方,我们找到了居住在世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。a.Youmustbeawarethat…must是表示肯定推测,“一定,肯定”。“mustdo”只用于对现在或将来事实推e.g.Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk.走了很长的路,你一定很饿。“mustbedoing”对正发生或进行的事进行推测e.g.Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.灯亮着,他一定正在做作业。“musthavedone”对过去的事进行推测e.g.Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。b.awareadj.意识到的,知道的e.g.Weshouldbeawarethatalotofanimalsarebecomingendangered.我们必须清楚地认识到许多动物正濒临灭绝的危险。beawareofsth.知道;意识到e.g.Thoughmostsmokersareawareofthedangersofsmoking,theywon’tgivenup.c.it’sherethatwe…是强调句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。4.interruptvt.e.g.战争打断了两国间的贸易。①Thewar~edthetradebetweenthetwocountries.②Sorrytointerruptyou,butIhavesomethingtosay.打断某人的话(2)interruptsb.打扰某人1)打断,中断,阻碍归纳拓展n.中断;阻碍物interruptionWithoutinterruption不间断的interruptiveadj.阻碍的;打扰的5.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.因此我们有理由认为他们不顾寒冷住在这些洞穴里。assumevt.假定,设想;担任,承担后跟名词,宾语+tobe+n./adj.,that从句科学家设想月球上没有动物.eg.Thescientists~thatthereisnoanimalsonthemoon.eg.I~dtheresponsibility.我来承担责任。归纳:assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假设…为…Itisassumedthat…人们认为…assumptionn.假定,假设makeanassumption认为,假定(2)放在句首,表一种猜测。Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨,我们该做什么呢?assuming不管;不顾;不注意e.g.Hewent____________therisk.他不顾危险地去了。Heisregardlesshisappearance.regardlessofregardlessof他不注意自己的外表。[小试]将下列句子翻译成汉语。Thelawsayseveryoneisequal,regardlessofrace,sexorreligion.[联想]inspiteof不管,不顾despite不管,不顾法律规定人人平等,不论种族、性别和宗教。5.vt.使锋利,尖锐;使强烈Theknifeneedssharpening.Thetoneofhislettershassharpenedrecently.adj.锋利的,尖锐的;急转的,陡峭;突然的,急剧的asharpturnasharpincreasesharpensharp急转弯急剧增加使---悲痛,伤心切碎7.cutup•使…悲痛,使…伤心,•切碎,粉碎根据语境猜词义1)Hisson'sdeathcuthimupbadly.2)Alicecutupthemeatandbegantocookit.归纳拓展cut…intopieces把……切成碎片cut…intohalves把……切成两半cutin插嘴;突然插入cutdown看到;杀死;消减,缩减cutout切掉;删掉cutacross抄近路;径直穿过cutaway切掉;逃走;跑开8.Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.确实,正如植物学分析具体显示给我们的那样,附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。a.as引导的非限制性定语从句常译作“正如……那样”。e.g.Astheproverbgoes,“Theenemyindisguiseisjustlikethewolfinsheep’sclothing.”正如谚语所说的那样,伪装的敌人就像是披着羊皮的狼。b.part前无形容词修饰时为不可数名词,前面不用冠词;其前有形容词修饰时为可数名词,要用冠词。e.g.TheblueshasbeenpartofAfricanAmericanculturesincethenanditisstillanimportantpartofAmericanculture.自从那以后布鲁斯就已经是非美文化的一部分,而且现在仍是美国文化的重要部分。Homework