状语从句(高一)

定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。考核要求：状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句类别:时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句1.时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,as,before,after,till,until,since,assoonas，once等。When---当……时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。e.g:WhenIopenedthewindow,Isawhimcomeup.WhenIhavetime,Iwillgotoseeyou.(主将从现）*注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。（主将从现）When---正在……的时候，突然…。通常主句是进行时或beabouttodo时，在翻译的时候，when可以译成没想到或突然。e.g:Iwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenImethim.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.Oneevening,littleHanswassittingnearthefirewhenheheardaloudknockatthedoor.When=aftere.g:Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.While---在……期间，往往指一段时间。e.g:WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Strikewhiletheironishot.*注：While---表示一种轻微的转折对比e.g:Somepeoplehavealotofhairwhileothershavealittle.As---一边……一边,随着e.g:Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.until---直到e.g:Wewaiteduntilhecameback.not…until---直到……才e.g:Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.*主句动词为持续性动词，则主句用肯定句；反之，瞬时性动词用否定句Before---在……之前e.g:Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts.Didyouworkasastewardessbeforeyoucametothiscompany?HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.(Itwas/willbe…before…(Itwasn’t/won’tbe…before…是常用句型)After---在……之后Thecustomerlefttheticketcounterafterhehadaquarrelwiththeticketagent.e.g:Afterthedirectorseatedheronthestage,amake-upartistrushedforward.since---自从……,通常主句用现在完成时e.g:IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot.Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.我们与飞行员失去联系已经有两个礼拜了。(Itis/hasbeen…since…是常用句型）assoonas---一……就……e.g:Jackwenttoschoolassoonashegotwell.I’llringyouupassoonasIgetananswerfromhim.Once---一旦……就……e.g:Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作为连词，引导时间状语。如：Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.2.条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有:if,unlessIf---如果e.g:Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillmisstheplane.Ifitsnowstomorrow,theflightwillbecanceled.Ifyouleaveat6o’clocktomorrowmorning,you’dbettergettobednow.Unless---如果不,除非=ifnote.g:Wecan’tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon’tbooktheearliestflight.Don’ttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou.Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind.*注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。(主将从现）e.g:Ifhearrivestomorrow,Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport.Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday.3.原因状语从句because,since=nowthat,as,这四个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱.because---因为,通常从句放在主句后.e.g:Mr.Smithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldn’tfindhisluggage.Hesaidthathecouldn’tworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder.IsucceededbecauseIwilledit,Ineverhesitated.IdoitbecauseIlikeit.As---因为,通常放在句首e.g:Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.Since---既然因语气较弱,常译为既然e.g:Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.Sincethepurser（事务长）didn’ttelluswhattodo,wecanrelax.Nowthat---既然e.g:Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.Nowthatallairlinesofferdiscountprices,weshoulddothesame.4.结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：so…that…,such…that…so…that---太……以至于so后面应用形容词或副词,有时省略so只用thate.g:Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb.Theflightwasscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtobookonit.such…that…---太……以至于用法与so…that相同，但such后面应用名词。e.g:Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.TheCanadianairline’shangar（飞机棚）issuchahugebuildingthatitcanholdtwomedium-rangejetsatthesametime.5.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:sothat,inorderthate.g:Let’stakethefrontseats(so)thatwemayseemoreclearly.(so)that---以便,从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等inorderthat---为了,与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等e.g:Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.6.让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although,though*注：不能与but连用Although,though---虽然although和though可以互换，但although常放在句首。e.g:Althoughitwasraining,theplanemanagedtotakeoff.Althoughitwasnothisfault,hetookalltheblame.Thoughhedidhisbest,hedidn’tsucceed.1.Itisfoolishtotakeataxi___youcaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when2.I’llacceptthejob,_____Idon’thavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.if3.----DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?----Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.whileB.assoonasC.suddenlyD.once4.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless5.--Whatwasthepartylike?--Wonderful.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since6.________hecomes,wewon’tbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even7.IwaswatchingTV_______thelightswentout.A.whenB.whileC.asD.for8.Itwon’tbelong________youregretwhatyousaid.A.sinceB.whenC.beforeD.till9.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe______.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving10.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As